This paper relates to a method of enhancing speech quality by eliminating noise in speech presence intervals as well as in speech absence intervals based on speech absence probability. To determine the speech presence and absence intervals, we utilize the global soft decision. This decision makes the estimated statistical parameters of signal density models more reliable. Based on these paramet...

The understanding and prediction of transport due to plasma microturbulence is a key open problem in modern plasma physics, and a Grand Challenge for fusion energy research. Ab initio simulations of such small-scale, low-frequency turbulence are to be based on the gyrokinetic equations, a set of nonlinear integro-differential equations in reduced (five-dimensional) phase space. In the present p...

A global plasma turbulence simulation code, ORB5, is presented. It solves the gyrokinetic electrostatic equations including zonal flows in axisymmetric magnetic geometry. The present version of the code assumes a Boltzmann electron response on magnetic surfaces. It uses a Particle-In-Cell (PIC), δf scheme, 3D cubic B-splines finite elements for the field solver and several numerical noise reduc...

OBJECTIVE To present the findings of the first round of monitoring of the global implementation of the WHO Global Code of Practice on the International Recruitment of Health Personnel ("the Code"), a voluntary code adopted in 2010 by all 193 Member States of the World Health Organization (WHO). METHODS WHO requested that its Member States designate a national authority for facilitating inform...

In global scheduling for ILP processors, regionenlarging optimizations, especially tail duplication, are commonly used. The code size increase due to such optimizations, however, raises serious concerns about the affected I-cache and TLB performance. In this paper, we propose a quantitative measure of the code size efficiency at compile time for any code size related optimization. Then, based o...

Satellite-based localization using the global positioning systems (GPS) has attracted ever growing attention in the last few years. In this work, we present a signal processing technique for initial code acquisition and synchronization of a GPS signal, such as the one used by position location techniques in 3G wireless scenarios. Several computer simulations have been accomplished to validate t...

This paper addresses non-linear global gyrokinetic simulations of ion temperature gradient (ITG) driven turbulence with the GYSELA code. The particularity of GYSELA code is to use a SemiLagrangian (SL) scheme and this for the full distribution function. The 4D non-linear driftkinetic version of the code already showns the interest of such a SL method which exhibits good properties of energy con...

At the outset, the concept of a 'public good' was associated with economic policies. However, it has now evolved not only from a national to a global concept (global public good), but also from a concept applying solely to the production of goods to one encompassing societal issues (education, environment, etc.) and fundamental rights, including the right to health and food. Through their actio...

Global instruction scheduling allows operations to move across basic block boundaries to create tighter schedules. When operations move above control ow joins, some code duplication is generally necessary to preserve semantics. Tail duplication and compensation code are approaches to duplicating the necessary code, used by Superblock Scheduling and Trace Scheduling respectively. Compensation co...