Total shoulder arthroplasty is a common treatment for glenohumeral arthritis. One of the most common failure modes of total shoulder arthroplasty is glenoid loosening, causing postoperative pain, limitation of function, and potentially, the need for revision surgery. The literature has devoted considerable attention to the design of the glenoid component; efforts to better understand the biomec...

HYPOTHESIS Polyethylene components retrieved at revision of total knee and hip replacements have been analyzed to study the effect of design, patient, and surgical factors on initial implant performance, but few studies have reported similar types of findings in retrieved glenoids. MATERIALS AND METHODS From 1979 to 2006, 78 glenoid components were retrieved from revision surgery in 73 patien...

PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to determine quantitatively whether the Latarjet procedure (coracoid transfer to the glenoid) is sufficient to restore a significant defect area of the glenoid. METHODS Fourteen cadaveric shoulders were used (mean age, 76 years; range, 72 to 87 years). An anteroinferior glenoid defect was created and then the coracoid osteotomized to its angle and transfe...

HYPOTHESIS Supraspinatus deficiency associated with total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA) provokes eccentric loading and may induce loosening of the glenoid component. A downward inclination of the glenoid component has been proposed to balance supraspinatus deficiency. METHODS This hypothesis was assessed by a numeric musculoskeletal model of the glenohumeral joint during active abduction. Three...

BACKGROUND Shoulders with recurrent anterior instability often have combined bony defects of the humeral head and glenoid. Previous studies have looked at only isolated humeral head or glenoid defects. PURPOSE/HYPOTHESIS The aim of this study was to define the relationship of combined humeral head and glenoid defects on anterior shoulder instability. Combined bony defects will lead to increas...

Glenoid component failure is the most common complication of total shoulder arthroplasty. Glenoid components fail as a result of their inability to replicate essential properties of the normal glenoid articular surface to achieve durable fixation to the underlying bone, to withstand repeated eccentric loads and glenohumeral translation, and to resist wear and deformation. The possibility of gle...

Our aim was to determine the most repeatable three-dimensional measurement of glenoid orientation and to compare it between shoulders with intact and torn rotator cuffs. Our null hypothesis was that glenoid orientation in the scapulae of shoulders with a full-thickness tear of the rotator cuff was the same as that in shoulders with an intact rotator cuff. We studied 24 shoulders in cadavers, 12...

INTRODUCTION: The Latarjet procedure is commonly used to treat glenoid bone loss due to recurrent instability and dislocation. In this procedure, the coracoid process is osteotomized from its native position and fixed to the anterior glenoid at the site of bone loss. As a result, the coracoid acts as an extension of the glenoid face, thus restoring the glenoid articulating surface and increasin...

Glenohumeral bone defects are a common finding in shoulder instability and they are strongly correlated with recurrence of dislocation and failure following arthroscopic Bankart repair. Most authors agree that open surgery should be considered in the presence of certain conditions: glenoid bone loss > 25%, a lesion involving > 30% of the humeral head, an engaging Hill-Sachs lesion, bipolar bone...

In the treatment of anterior shoulder instability, there are various conditions in which a sling effect is needed to enhance anterior stability. The traditional Latarjet procedure provides a sling effect but destroys the coracoacromial arch, which may result in superior instability. To preserve the coracoacromial arch and create a sling to enhance the anterior-inferior side of the shoulder, we ...