To simulate dynamic soft geo-objects and reflect geoscientific laws, the authors discuss the characteristics, mathematical expression, parameter representation and rendering of GIS Flow Element (FE) and GIS Soft Voxel (SV). The simulation and rendering algorithms of GIS FE and GIS SV are based on particle system and metaball technology in computer graphics. The main differences are that GIS FE ...

The aim of this paper is to understand the social use and the consequences of PGIS in local communities, more specifically in Sierra Nevada, Mexico. In order to investigate the use of ICT by communities, we applied a multilevel and structurationist framework that articulates three dimensions: context, process and content. The results of our study draw attention to the implications of using PGIS...

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As GIS implementations mature and GIS use expands beyond the current core GIS community the need to discover and disseminate GIS capabilities grows. The Internet and the age of distributed computing provide the technical framework on which distributed GIS is built. As key application of distributed GIS, geoportals provide a gateway to discover and access geographic Web services. Four key geopor...

Camera networks are widely used for tasks suchas surveillance, monitoring and tracking. In or-der to accomplish these tasks, knowledge of lo-calization information such as camera locationsand other geometric constraints about the envi-ronment (e.g. walls, rooms, and building layout)are typically considered to be essential. How-ever, this information is not always req...

A method for determination of tricyclazole in water using solid phase extraction and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with UV detection at 230 nm and a mobile phase of acetonitrile:water (20:80, v=v) was developed. A performance comparison between two types of solid phase sorbents, the C18 sorbent of Supelclean ENVI-18 cartridge and the styrene-divinyl benzene copolymer sorbent of ...

Dynamic and elastic resource allocation to Virtual Network Functions (VNFs) in accordance with varying workloads is a must for realizing promised reductions in capital and operational expenses in Network Functions Virtualization (NFV). However, workload heterogeneity and complex relationships between resources allocated to a VNF and the resulting capacity makes elastic resource flexing a challe...

Object based image classification is applied to assess the upward advance of tree species in Finnish Lapland caused by the current global warming. An automated Feature Extraction Module (Fx) implemented in ENVI is used to extract the tree crowns from a digitized panchromatic aerial photograph acquired in 1947 and a false colour aerial photograph from 2003 of an altitudinal foresttundra ecotone ...