Introduction Since early ’90 GIS has become a sophisticated system for maintaining and analysing spatial and semantic information on spatial objects. The need for 3D information is rapidly increasing. 2D GIS analysis have shown its limitations in some situations, e.g. noise prediction models (noise spreads out in three dimensions) (Kluijver and Stoter, 2003), water flood models, air pollution m...

P lanning's " quiet revolution " in information technology (Godschalk and McMahon, 1992) may have finally come of age. Through the decade of the 1990s, Geographic Information Systems (GIS) has evolved from a technological novelty distinguished by its operational complexities into a much easier to use, less expensive, and now seemingly indispensible tool of the planning profession. GIS skills th...

Increasing application of Geospatial information requires integration , fusion and interoperability of current monolithic GIS, especially more complex and multidisciplinary involved application. Interoperability is base for information integration and fusion. we give five-level GIS interoperability model(InteroModel5). The spatial information infrastructure(SII) provides a sharing spatial infor...

The notion of hypermap emerged as a response to the need for adding to geographical information systems (GIS) the linking and semantics capabilities of hypermedia. A hypermap is a new and powerful instrument for thematic cartography and spatial analysis in GIS. It extends the ability of a GIS to represent, store, manipulate, and display digital maps with the associative linking and interactive ...

Free Open Source Software: FOSS based Geographic Information System: GIS for spatial retrievals of appropriate locations for ocean wind and tidal motion utilizing electric power generation plants is proposed. Using scatterometer onboard earth observation satellites, strong wind coastal areas are retrieved with FOSS/GIS of PostgreSQL/GIS. PostGIS has to be modified together with altimeter and sc...

The increasing popularity of the Internet has led to the development of Web applications, known as Web GIS. A geographic information system (called GIS from now) is a software system that manages geo-referenced information. GIS systems are an automated system used for storing, analysing and manipulating geographical information. Geographical information represents objects and actions where geog...

This paper reviews the use of geographic information systems (GIS) software for spatial data processing in demography. The review begins with an introduction to GIS. Next, it traces the three major types of spatial data problems confronting demographers: the geocoding and geoprocessing of microdata, estimation of detailed population surfaces, and combining data aggregated to incompatible zone s...

Web-based geographic information system (GIS) technology, or web-based GIS, offers many opportunities for public planners and Extension educators who have limited GIS backgrounds or resources. However, investigation of its use in planning has been limited. The study described here examined the use of web-based GIS by public planning agencies. A 2013 web-based survey of 274 public planning agenc...

GIS assist in specific planning and decision-making processes in irrigation through the input, spatial analysis and output of relevant information. The real strength of GIS is its ability to integrate information. This integration power makes the scope of GIS almost infinite. The unique integration capability of GIS allows disparate data sets to be brought together to create a complete picture ...

In physics, objects can be divided into rigid and soft objects according to the object deformation capacity. Similarly, geo-object can also be classified into rigid geo-objects (e.g., building, urban) and soft geo-objects (e.g., mudflow, water, soil erosion). There are three types of approaches for 3D GIS modeling, i.e., surface-based, volume-based, and hybrids in terms of geometry. These appro...