BACKGROUND Lymph node metastasis is the oldest and most reliable prognostic indicator in breast carcinoma. In the absence of tumor metastasis, draining lymph nodes can undergo hyperplasia, resulting in increases in the number and size of detectable lymph nodes. The prognostic value of this process has never been established. Lymph node negative breast carcinoma provides a unique opportunity to ...

Within the last 18 months, we have noted the development of unexplained lymph node enlargement in otherwise asymptomatic patients with hemophilia. Because such changes are poorly understood and, in some patient groups, may be related to the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), we studied the enlarged lymph nodes in four patients with severe factor VIII deficiency and abnormally low periph...

Preclinical and clinical studies positively correlate the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-C in tumors and the incidence of lymph node metastases. However, how VEGF-C regulates individual steps in the transport of tumor cells from the primary tumor to the draining lymph nodes is poorly understood. Here, we image and quantify these steps in tumors growing in the tip of the...

Follicular dendritic cell sarcoma (FDCS) of the head and neck region, associated with Castleman's disease (CD), is an extremely rare entity. To the best of our knowledge, we report the first case demonstrating the transformation of the former into the latter as documented in the same lymph node disection material. A 45-year-old female presented to our hospital with right sided neck swelling. Ra...

Introduction: To assess the rate of cervical lymph node involvement in patients with supraglottic squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) with no lymph node in clinical assessments and radiological studies. Materials and Methods: Fifty-six patients who underwent elective dissection of the cervical lymph node of the second through fourth level were enrolled, and pathologic evaluation of the dissected lymp...

castleman's disease is an uncommon cause of lymph node enlargement that mostly involves the mediastinum and lung hilum. it is divided into 2 types: localized, which is usually asymptomatic and presents with a mass lesion; and multicentric, which is characterized by chills, anemia, generalized lymphadenopathy and hepatosplenomegaly. an extrathoracic site of involvement is very uncommon, and may ...

Currently, somatic cell count (SCC) and bacterial culture are considered as the gold standard of detecting subclinical Mastitis. Mastitis leads to proliferation of lymphocytes in the supramammary lymph nodes and subsequent enlargement of ipsilateral lymph node. Ultrasonography can be used to survey these changes. A portable ultrasound machine with a 2-5 MHz convex transducer was used to identif...