This paper investigates clausal constituent order in Estonian, a language often described the literature as exhibiting verb-second “tendency”. We present corpusbased study of ordering independent affirmative declarative clauses, drawing data from both written and spoken corpora. Our results show that, while Estonian is robustly along same lines modern Germanic standard languages, exhibits much ...

This paper will present an algorithm that evaluates links between one-word compounds and two-word compounds in a bilingual corpus that has been aligned at the sub-sentence level. The phenomenon of linking one-word compounds to multi-word compounds is common when English is being linked to other Germanic languages, and it is difficult to get the links right in the alignment process. The algorith...

This paper aims at a cross-lingual analysis of coreference to abstract entities in Czech and German, two languages that are typologically not very close, since they belong to two different language groups – Slavic and Germanic. We will specifically focus on coreference chains to abstract entities, i.e. verbal phrases, clauses, sentences or even longer text passages. To our knowledge, this type ...

In this paper we argue for the following properties of clause-bound scrambling, as they are manifested in German. First, scrambling presupposes head-final projections. Only selected constituents, notably arguments, scramble, the reason being that phrases selected by a head have a unique base order. Second, scrambling involves antecedent-gap dependencies with A-chain properties. Third, scramblin...

This paper makes three claims. The first is that, although Albanian is a negative concord language similar to Modern Greek (Giannakidou 1993 & 1997), it interestingly exhibits two series of n-words like English and Germanic languages. This provides a set of novel data for the study of n-words, especially because one class of these n-words comprises of weak (Zwarts 1995) NPIs while the other one...

In Germanic languages, compound words are very common and very productive. There are compound words which are bound and lexicalized and loose their semantic content when split (e.g. albatross or jordgubbe). This category will be referred to as opaque compounds. The opposite of the opaque compounds are the productive compounds, whose parts keep their semantic value when separated (Bjarnadóttir 2...

The objective of this article is to create awareness amongst speech-language pathologists and audiologists in South Africa regarding the difference between the sound systems of Germanic languages and the sound systems of South African Bantu languages. A brief overview of the sound systems of two Bantu languages, namely isiZulu and Setswana, is provided. These two languages are representative of...

Read online: Scan this QR code with your smart phone or mobile device to read online. The objective of this article is to create awareness amongst speech-language pathologists and audiologists in South Africa regarding the difference between the sound systems of Germanic languages and the sound systems of South African Bantu languages. A brief overview of the sound systems of two Bantu language...

We measured orthographic differences between five Germanic languages. First, we tested the hypothesis that orthographic stem variation among languages does not correlate with orthographic variation in inflectional affixes. We found this hypothesis true when considering the aggregated stem and affix distances between the languages. We also correlated the stem and affix distances of the cognate p...

It is widely assumed that spoken word production in Germanic languages like Dutch and English involves a parallel activation of phonemic segments and metrical frames in memory, followed by a serial association of segments to the frame, as implemented in the WEAVER++ model (Levelt, Roelofs, & Meyer, 1999). However, for Oriental languages like Mandarin Chinese and Japanese, researchers have sugge...