background: growth of the world population alongside an increasing adoption of cancer-causing behaviors,particularly smoking and various environmental factors. a variety of cancers data in specialgeographic areas can help define medical programs for treatment and screening of high-risk groups.since cancer types has not been reported within districts and neighbourhoods of tehran city so far,this...

data envelopment analysis (dea) is a mathematical technique to evaluate the performance of firms with multiple inputs and outputs. in conventional dea models, the efficiency scores of decision making units (dmus) with non-negative inputs and outputs are evaluated in a special period of time. however, in the real world there are situations wherein performance of firms must be evaluated in multip...

The opening of geographical information systems (GIS) and the interoperability between these systems demands new requirements for the description of the underlying data. The exchange of data between GIS systems is problematic and often fails due to confusion in the meaning of concepts. The term semantic translator, a translator between GIS systems and/or catalogue systems which gives the user t...

Advanced Traveler Information Systems (ATIS) require e cient information retrieval and updating in a dynamic environment at di erent geographical scales. ATIS applications are useful in yielding a better utilization of the limited costly transportation arteries and providing value-added traveler information. Many ATIS applications are built on the functionalities provided by Geographical Inform...

There are challenges faced in today‘s world in terms of crime analysis when it comes to graphical visualization of crime patterns. Geographical representation of crime scenes and crime types become very important in gathering intelligence about crimes. This provides a very dynamic and easy way of monitoring criminal activities and analyzing them as well as producing effective countermeasures an...