With the increased availability of genomic sequencing technologies, molecular bases for kidney diseases such as nephronophthisis and mitochondrially inherited autosomal-dominant tubulointerstitial (ADTKD) has become increasingly apparent. These (TKD) are monogenic tubulointerstitium result in interstitial fibrosis tubular atrophy (IF/TA). However, inheritance alone does not adequately explain h...

The primary cement job is a critical step in successful well completion. To achieve effective cementing job, complete mud removal from the annular is recommended. Spacer and flushers are used widely to achieve this goal. This study is about weighted cement spacer systems containing a surfactant package, weighting agent and rheological modifiers. Weighted spacer systems are utilized when a high ...

Stochastic epistasis that is one of the characteristics of epistatic gene modules can have an important role in the maintenance of intraspecific population diversity. The effect of an epistatic modifier variant can vary in size and direction among the modifier careers on the basis of stochastic genetic individuality and the entire module effect can be also individually stochastic. This stochast...

We argue that the superlative modifiers at least and at most quantify over a scale of answers to the current question under discussion (and in this sense, resolve issues), and that they draw attention to the individual possibilities along the scale (and in this sense, raise issues for discussion). The point of departure is a simple analysis on which at least denotes what only presupposes, and a...

Rapid developments in the elucidation of simple Mendelian traits in humans, the complexity of genotype-phenotype relationships, and the growing appreciation of complex genetic traits have conspired to focus interest on the role of modifier genes in humans. This paper reviews categories of genetic modifiers and their effects and then discusses non-Mendelian inheritance patterns involving modifie...