The aim of the relay coordination is that protection systems detect and isolate the faulted part as fast and selective as possible. On the other hand, in order to reduce the fault clearing time, distance protection relays are usually equipped with pilot protection schemes. Such schemes can be considered in the distance and directional overcurrent relays (D&DOCRs) coordination to achieve faster ...

recognizing of genetic diversity and genetic potential of each plant species is necessary and essential before any works on breeding program. genetic diversity among five populations of walnut (juglans regia l.) was studied using 11 ssr markers. the marker system produced 77 alleles in a range size of 176-275 bps. the minimum (2) and maximum (11) numbers of alleles were related to genetic locus...

in order to study the genetic diversity of the causal agent of fusarium wilting in chickpea, two techniques including rapd and pcr-rflp were used. in rapd-pcr technique, all 14 primers could show the diversity among the isolates. after studding the banding patterns of 14 primers, a dendrogram based on similarity matrix was constructed. the rapd dendrogram analysis could not separate isolates ba...

Ethological reproductive isolation and genetic divergence across 26 protein loci were measured among populations of the salamander Desmognathus ochrophaeus in the southern Appalachian Mountains. Levels of ethological isolation varied from none to complete and were statistically significant for all but two pairings between populations inhabiting different mountain ranges. When geographic and gen...