In this study, we sought to determine whether the increases in peroxidase activity and electrolyte leakage induced in maize (Zea mays L.) leaves by sodium bisulfite were causally related to the sodium bisulfite-induced increases in sporulation of the pathogen Bipolaris maydis race T on infected maize leaves. Pretreatment of detached leaves of maize inbred W64 A with sodium bisulfite (500 |ig/ml...

This article examines if the emergence of more partisan media has contributed to political polarization and led Americans to support more partisan policies and candidates. Congress and some newer media outlets have added more partisan messages to a continuing supply of mostly centrist news. Although political attitudes of most Americans have remained fairly moderate, evidence points to some pol...

This article presents the Appraisal Tendency Framework (ATF) (Lerner & Keltner, 2000, 2001; Lerner & Tiedens, 2006) as a basis for predicting the influence of specific emotions on consumer decision making. In particular, the ATF addresses how and why specific emotions carry over from past situations to color future judgments and choices. After reviewing the main assumptions and the five main pr...

Speaker: Adam Barett (Department of Informatics, University Sussex, UK) Synergistic and redundant information sharing in Gaussian systems To fully characterize the information that two `source' variables carry about a third `target' variable, one must decompose the total information into redundant, unique and synergistic components. However Shannon's theory of information does not provide formu...

Numerous studies show that happy individuals are successful across multiple life domains, including marriage, friendship, income, work performance, and health. We suggest a conceptual model to account for these findings, arguing that the happiness-success link exists not only because success makes people happy, but because positive affect engenders success. Three classes of evidence – cross-sec...

Human reasoning is accompanied by meta-cognitive experiences, most notably the ease or difficulty of recall and thought generation and the fluency with which new information can be processed. These experiences are informative in their own right. They can serve as a basis of judgment in addition to, or at the expense of, declarative information and can qualify the conclusions drawn from recalled...

Magda B. Arnold's theory of emotion is examined from three historical viewpoints. First, I look backward from Arnold to precursors of her theory of emotion in 19th century introspectionist psychology and in classical evolutionary psychology. I try to show that Arnold can be regarded as belonging intellectually to the cognitive tradition of emotion theorizing that originated in Brentano and his ...