The fundamental equations which describe the flow through gas and liquid pipelines are formally identical. However, the wide gap between the compressibility ranges of gases and liquids leads to quite different transport characteristics for both kinds of media. While for oil pipelines and pump stations specific topics like batch operation, surges, and possible slack line scenarios have to be con...

Offers a means of increasing the efficiency cycle by reducing par asitic loads such as excess air compressor load and capturing energy that might otherwise be wasted. However, this is not always most effective way overall conver sion. For large gas turbine based plants in particular, best improving to add steam bottoming cycle, creat ing combined power plan. A plant simply what its name suggest...

serovar isolated from a canal in Louisiana in 1978 revealed it to be identical to that of V. cholerae 01 isolated in 1905 from a pilgrim at the El Tor quarantine station. The two strains are associated with sharply contrasting habitats. Ranges of variation of 5 to 15% in procaryotic 5S rRNA sequences between species are typical; variation within species may be 2% or greater. Because the 5S rRNA...

This empirical analysis examines the use of the live-streaming application Periscope in three crises that occurred in 2015. Qualitative and quantitative analyses of tweets relating to the Amtrak derailment in Philadelphia, Baltimore protests after Freddie Grey’s death, and Hurricane Joaquin flooding in South Carolina reveal that this recently deployed application is being used by both citizens ...

Modern gas-fired power stations are discussed as an alternative for replacing eventually decommissioned nuclear power stations. With an also increasing number of smallest-scale gas turbines, the importance of the gas network is hence likely to increase in coming years. The presence of converters as e.g. a combined cycle gas turbine raises the question if and to what extent the electrical networ...

Considering the high costs of the implementation and maintenance of gas distribution networks in urban areas, optimal design of such networks is vital. Today, urban gas networks are implemented within a tree structure. These networks receive gas from City Gate Stations (CGS) and deliver it to the consumers. This study presents a comprehensive model based on Mixed Integer Nonlinear Programming (...