This paper examines fuzzy cognitive map (FCM) theory and its use in supervisory control systems. An FCM is a graph used to depict cause and e€ect between concepts that stand for the states and variables of the system. An FCM represents the whole system in a symbolic manner, just as humans have stored the operation of the system in their brains, thus it is possible to help man's intention for mo...

AIM The aim of this study was to evaluate the benefits and safety of long-term i.v. iron therapy in iron-deficient patients with heart failure (HF). METHODS AND RESULTS CONFIRM-HF was a multi-centre, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial that enrolled 304 ambulatory symptomatic HF patients with left ventricular ejection fraction ≤45%, elevated natriuretic peptides, and iron deficiency (ferri...

Introduction: Ferric Carboxymaltose (FCM), a dextran free iron formulation can be administered in large doses without the risk of severe anaphylactic reactions in postpartum anemia (PPA). Evidence suggest that FCM is highly effective in correcting anemia and restoring iron stores faster. Aims & Objective: To gather real-world clinical practice events on safety and efficacy of FCM injection in I...

Fault diagnosis is essential for the reliable, safe, and efficient operation of the plant and for maintaining quality of the products in industrial system. This paper presents an ensemble fault diagnosis algorithm based on fuzzy c-means algorithm (FCM) with the Optimal Number of Clusters (ONC) and probabilistic neural network (PNN), called FCM-ONC-PNN. In clustering methods, the estimation of t...

Objective. To evaluate safety and efficacy of intravenous ferric carboxymaltose (FCM) versus standard medical care (SMC) for iron-deficiency anemia (IDA) in postpartum women and women with heavy menstrual bleeding. Study Design. This open-label, multicenter study randomized women with IDA (hemoglobin ≤ 11.0 g/dL) to single doses of FCM (15 mg/kg [maximum 1000 mg]) or SMC (this treatment was det...

It has long been considered that flow cytometry (FCM) has little role in clinical practice in the diagnosis of myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). However, recent advances in the analytical method and knowledge of MDS FCM are changing this stereotype. This paper reviews the concept and current status of FCM in the diagnosis of low-grade MDS. The diagnosis of low-grade MDS in the absence of ringed ...

Medical image segmentation is a method of extracting the desired parts and features from the input medical image data. The conventional FCM algorithm is an efficient clustering algorithm that is used in medical image segmentation. But FCM is extremely susceptible to noise since it uses intensity values for clustering the image. This paper aims to develop 3-class FCM algorithm with thresholding ...

Background Ferric carboxymaltose (FCM) is a stable, non-dextran-based intravenous iron complex used to treat iron deficiency of various etiologies. As FCM is a nonbiological complex drug and cannot be fully characterized by physicochemical analyses, it is important to demonstrate in nonclinical models that FCM similars (FCMS) have similar biodistribution. Materials and methods A total of 30 n...

BACKGROUND Intravenous (i.v.) iron can improve anaemia of chronic disease and response to erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs), but data on its use in practice and without ESAs are limited. This study evaluated effectiveness and tolerability of ferric carboxymaltose (FCM) in routine treatment of anaemic cancer patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS Of 639 patients enrolled in 68 haematology/oncol...

This paper presents two robust FCM algorithms to segment the brain tissues from MRI volume. The core regions of human brain are white matter (WM), gray matter (GM), cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and others known as background (BCK). Usually, to classify the given data, random initial seeds are selected and then the FCM procedure is iterated until the centroids of cluster converge. The first propose...