We analyze mean-variance-optimal dynamic hedging strategies in oil futures for oil producers and consumers. In a model for the oil spot and futures market with Gaussian convenience yield curves and a stochastic market price of risk, we find analytical solutions for the optimal trading strategies. An implementation of our strategies in an out-of-sample test on market data shows that the hedging ...

In recent years, carbon emission markets have become liquid and promising markets within the European Union emissions trading scheme (EU ETS). In order to fit and forecast futures price for CO2 emissions allowances, we propose a new N-factor affine term structure model for CO2 futures price and estimate parameters in the new affine model by using the Kalman filter technique. Our empirical resul...

This paper provides an empirical description of the relationship between the trading system operated by a stock exchange and the transaction costs faced by heterogeneous investors who use the exchange. The recent introduction of SETS in the London Stock Exchange provides an excellent opportunity to study the impact of an electronic trading system upon transaction costs and the time taken to car...

The objective of this paper is to uncover the determinants of trading intensity in futures markets. In particular, the time between adjacent transactions (referred to as transaction duration) on the FTSE 100 index futures market is modeled using various augmentations of the basic autoregressive conditional duration (ACD) model introduced by Engle and Russell [Econometrica 66 (1998) 1127]. The d...

European Union CO2 allowances (EUAs) are traded on several markets with increasing intensity. We provide an intraday data analysis of the EUA futures market for the complete first trading period 2005-2007 (Phase 1). To investigate the trading process in this young market, we compare the two main trading platforms, ECX and Nord Pool, with respect to price discovery and liquidity. Both are of hig...

This study investigates the daily dynamic relation between returns and institutional and individual trades in the TAIEX futures market. I find that both past individual and institutional buys and sells have no predictive power for index returns; both individual and institutional trading activities are strongly related to their own past trades, and individual open-buy trading is also influenced ...

This paper describes and compares different methods of extracting the implied probability distribution of the underlying interest rate futures from the prices of traded options on these futures as well as from past futures prices. These methods are applied to short-term contracts on bank accepted bills trading on the Sydney Futures Exchange. The information on the distribution of the underlying...

This paper investigates the impact of the introduction of Universal Stock Futures (USFs) on underlying market dynamics (volatility and the level of feedback trading). Analysis of USFs provides a number of advantages compared to investigation of index futures, leading to reliable and wider ranging insights into the impact of derivatives. Specifically: (i) any impact of derivatives is more likely...

In many studies the assumption is made that traders only encounter one type of price risk. In reality, however, traders are exposed to multiple price risks, and often have several relevant derivative instruments available with which to hedge price uncertainty. In this study, commodity, foreign exchange, and freight futures contracts are analyzed for their effectiveness in reducing price uncerta...

This publication primarily presents economic research aimed at improving policymaking by the Federal Reserve System and other governmental authorities. Articles may be reprinted if the source is credited and the Research Department is provided with copies of reprints. The views expressed herein are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis or the ...