Additive Manufacturing (AM) is a layer-by-layer manufacturing process and gaining importance for applications in digital manufacturing, repair remanufacturing. Although there are many studies on life cycle assessment AM, the existing do not focus quantifying Scope 1 2 emissions which required reporting to support net-zero pathway. It timely model optimise additive processes carbon agenda. This ...

Fused deposition modelling (FDM) is an advanced 3D printing technique for the manufacture of plastic materials. The ease use, prototyping accuracy and low cost makes it a widely used additive manufacturing technique. FDM creates structures through layer-by-layer melt-extrusion filament. production printed structure involves generation digital design model by software its execution printer until...

In light of the success of 3D printing using fused-deposition modeling or higher-resolution variants with lasers applicable to polymers and metals, one may wonder whether an analogous approach exists on the nanometer scale. Indeed it does. With the aid of focused particle beam-induced deposition (FPBID) it is possible to create solid-state structures on the nanoscale. However, in contrast with ...

Fused deposition modelling (FDM) is a widely used additive layer manufacturing process that deposits thermoplastic material layer-by-layer to produce complex geometries within short time. Increasingly, fibres are being reinforce filaments improve mechanical performance. This paper reviews the available literature on fibre reinforced FDM investigate how mechanical, physical, and thermal properti...

While techniques exist for the rapid prototyping of mechanical and electrical components separately, this paper describes a method where commercial additive manufacturing (AM) techniques can be used to concurrently construct the mechanical structure and electronic circuits in a robotic or mechatronic system. The technique involves printing hollow channels within 3D printed parts that are then f...