Cognitive radios are finally emerging in the form of White Space devices capable of accessing spectral resources allocated for communication systems but not actually in use. Temporal and geographical information on existence of White Space is obtained from dedicated database through Internet access. In this paper, technological advancements enabling commercial utilization of wireless White Spac...

Instead of attempting a full scale review, this paper concentrates on the area of group breeding, firstly reviewing the essential differences between group breeding schemes and the traditional stud ram breeding system, then briefly reviewing the recentfine tuning of the open nucleus ram breem programme of the Australian Merino Society, and final1 +e identifying research and development prioriti...