in this research, energetic andexergetic analysis of calcium oxide formation, co2 emissions, andenvironmental effects during the clinker production process in rotary kilnare investigated. first the energy and exergy analysis of rotary kiln were carried out according to the first and second law of thermodynamics based on dead state, respectively. consequently, the amount of co2 emissions associa...

Fuel cell is an emerging technology in the field of renewable energy sources which has the capacity to replace conventional energy generation sources. Fuel cell utilizes hydrogen energy to produce electricity. The electricity generated by the fuel cell can’t be directly used for a specific application as it needs proper power conditioning. Moreover, the output power fluctuates with different op...

in this paper, a non-isothermal two-phase flow in the cathode gas diffusion layer (gdl) of pem fuel cell is modeled. the governing equations including energy, mass and momentum conservation equations are solved by numerical methods. also, the optimal values of the effective parameters such as the electrodes porosity, gas diffusion layer (gdl) thickness and inlet relative humidity are calculated...

The energy efficiency, greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, and carbon efficiency of paddy rice production were analysed in Sari in the Mazandaran province of Iran during 2011–2012. Data was collected through questionnaires and interviews with paddy producers. The results showed that the net energy gain was 27,932 MJ ha-1 and energy efficiency was 1.83 during production. The results o...

in the present paper, the idea of braking energy regeneration and reusing that energy during acceleration for a refuse truck is comprehended. according to their driving cycle, the refuse trucks have a good potential for braking energy regeneration. on the other hand, hydraulic hybrid is a powertrain with high power density which is appropriate for energy regeneration. in the primary stage of th...

the application of conductive coatings on ferritic stainless steel can decrease electrical conductivity. theaim of this research was to investigate the electrical conductivity of cobalt coated aisi 430 ferritic stainlesssteel by pack cementation technique. coated coupons were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy(sem). electrical conductivity of the coated substrates was measured as a fun...

in this research the simulation of an air independent proton exchange membrane fuel cell (pemfc) propulsion system was taken into consideration. the system consists of several parts including pem fuel cell stack, metal hydride and liquid oxygen (lox) tanks, and also pre-heaters of oxygen and hydrogen gases along with other heat exchangers, to ensure proper operation of system. the heat recovery...

many studies have been done on hybrid vehicles in the past few years. the full hybrid vehicles need a large number of batteries creating up to 300 (v) to meet the required voltage of electric motor. the size and weight of the batteries cause some problems. this research investigates the mild hybrid vehicle. this vehicle includes a small electric motor and a high power internal combustion engine...

Increased energy demand and the concern about environment friendly technology, renewable bio-fuels are better alternative to petroleum products. In the present study linseed oil was used as alternative source for diesel engine fuel and the results were compared with baseline data of neat diesel. Performance parameters such as brake thermal efficiency (BTE) and brake specific fuel consumption (B...