This paper covers the post-harvest aspects, processing and quality assurance for speciality/organic coffee products. It starts with the origins of coffee, what aspects provide inherent quality, and diseases that deter quality. It then touches on coffee harvesting, the timing for harvesting and development of fruit color. It discusses picking systems, both manual and mechanical and their effects...

Speciation events often occur in rapid bursts of diversification, but the ecological and genetic factors that promote these radiations are still much debated. Using whole transcriptomes from all 13 species in the ecologically and reproductively diverse wild tomato clade (Solanum sect. Lycopersicon), we infer the species phylogeny and patterns of genetic diversity in this group. Despite widespre...

Targeting of proteins to their final destination is a prerequisite for living cells to maintain their homeostasis. Clathrin functions as a coat that forms transport carriers called clathrin-coated vesicles (CCVs) at the plasma membrane and post-Golgi compartments. In this study, we established an experimental system using Schneider S2 cells derived from the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster, a...

In the past few decades, both academicians and industries have shown interest toward agricultural post-harvest operation aiming to reduce losses. order assist farmers in decision-making some effective innovative methodological frameworks are required. The fruit weight measurement is of prime importance many food processing during sorting, grading, packaging. this work, different Support vector ...

The analysis and classification of dates is based on their external features: size, appearance, shape, colour. process currently performed manually after harvesting as part the post-harvesting process. Grading tedious because it usually results in time delays, product quality risks, associated with cost delays well. Although use computers information technology has seen tremendous growth many s...

The wet processing of robusta coffee starts with harvesting cherries, followed by sorting the pulping, fermentation, washing, drying, hard skin hulling, bean sorting, and packaging. Soaking fruit before pulping is an alternative for farmers to delay process if time does not allow it. fermentation aims remove mucus that firmly attached skin. addition L. casei microbes can accelerate but affect f...

Spike sorting is a class of techniques used in the analysis of electrophysiological data. Studying the dynamics of neural activity via electrical recording relies on the ability to detect and sort neural spikes recorded from a number of neurons by the same electrode. This article reviews methods for detecting and classifying action potentials, a problem commonly referred to as spike sorting.

Biological invasions generally start from low initial population sizes, leading to reduced genetic variation in nuclear and especially mitochondrial DNA. Consequently, genetic approaches for the study of invasion history and population structure are difficult. An extreme example is the Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (Medfly), for which successive invasions during this century have ...

Sugarcane is one of the most important crops in India. Indian sugar industry is the second largest agro based industry, next only to the textiles. But, being a long durational crop, sugarcane is prone to the number of disease caused by pathogens viz. fungi, bacteria, viruses and phytoplasmas like organisms. Image processing techniques have been proved to be changing the scenario of agriculture ...

According to rational choice theory, beneficial preferences should lead individuals to sort available options into linear, transitive hierarchies, although the extent to which non-human animals behave rationally is unclear. Here we demonstrate that mate choice in the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster results in the linear sorting of a set of diverse isogenic female lines, unambiguously demonstr...