For a reliable operation of structures and their components during exploitation period, it is crucial to monitor continuously or periodically check the integrity of structure. In the production and during exploitation, a certain amount of flaws can be encountered in any structure. It is important to determine how such flaws can influence the safety and reliability of the operation. Since fractu...

This paper reviews the available literature on effect of direct current on fracture healing; from a diagnostic view point. It also reviews various fracture treatments in practice, diagnostic tools, computational modeling and fracture healing prediction using Engineering techniques. We attempt to predict the complicated process fracture healing treated using DC electrical stimulation by computat...

The effects of alloy production method on microstructure and hence fatigue crack growth rate and fracture mechanism have been examined for a variety of fine-grained/high dispersoid Al-Li-Mg-Zr and Al-Li-Cu-Mg-Zr alloys. Microstructures have been assessed by scanning and transmission electron microcopy, together with electron back scattered diffraction pattern assessment. In these fine-grained/h...

Thrombospondin-2 (TSP2) is a matricellular protein with increased expression during growth and regeneration. TSP2-null mice show accelerated dermal wound healing and enhanced bone formation. We hypothesized that bone regeneration would be enhanced in the absence of TSP2. Closed, semistabilized transverse fractures were created in the tibias of wildtype (WT) and TSP2-null mice. The fractures wer...

A B S T R A C T The fracture of bone is a health concern of increasing significance as the population ages. It is therefore of importance to understand the mechanics and mechanisms of how bone fails, both from a perspective of outright (catastrophic) fracture and from delayed/time-dependent (subcritical) cracking. To address this need, there have been many in vitro studies to date that have att...

an epoxy resin was modified by silica nanoparticles and cured with an anhydride. the particles with different batches of 12, 20, and 40 nm sizes were each distributed into the epoxy resin ultrasonically. electron microscopy images showed that the silica particles were well dispersed throughout the resin. tensile test results showed that young’s modulus and tensile strength increased with the vo...

In 10-20% of the fractures, the fracture healing process is impaired which leads to non union and delayed union [1, 2]. Such factors have led to the quest for modalities which can enhance fracture healing. Fracture healing takes place through various stages as hematoma formation, inflammation, angiogenesis, callus formation, and bone remodeling. The healing cascade is coordinated by the interac...

The crack growth resistance of human dentin was characterized as a function of relative distance from the DEJ and the corresponding microstructure. Compact tension specimens were prepared from the coronal dentin of caries-free 3rd molars. The specimens were sectioned from either the outer, middle or inner dentin. Stable crack extension was achieved under Mode I quasi-static loading, with the cr...

Thyroid hormones are essential for skeletal development and are important regulators of bone maintenance in adults. Childhood hypothyroidism causes delayed skeletal development, retarded linear growth and impaired bone mineral accrual. Epiphyseal dysgenesis is evidenced by classic features of stippled epiphyses on X-ray. In severe cases, post-natal growth arrest results in a complex skeletal dy...

One of the important hurdles in horizontal well stimulation is the generation of hydraulic fractures (HFs) from all perforation clusters within a given stage despite the challenges posed by stress shadowing and reservoir variability. In this paper we use a newly-developed, fully coupled, parallel-planar 3D HF model to investigate the potential to minimize the negative impact of stress shadowing...