Natural fractured media are characterized by their diversity of structures and organization. Numerous studies in the past decades have evidenced the existence of characteristic structures at multiple scales [1]. At fracture scale, the aperture distribution is widely correlated and heterogeneous. Fractures themselves have widely varying sizes with no obvious dominating or characteristic scale. A...

Cluster variable aperture (CVA) simulated annealing has been used as an inversion technique to construct fluid flow models of fractured formations based on transient pressure data from hydraulic tests. A two-dimensional fracture network system is represented as a filled regular lattice of fracture elements. The algorithm iteratively changes element apertures for a cluster of fracture elements i...

The solute transport in the fractured rock is dominated by a single fracture. geometric characteristics of rough-walled fractures considerably influence their behavior. According to self-affinity rough fractures, fractal model established based on fractional Brownian motion and successive random accumulation method. Navier–Stokes equation convective-dispersion are employed analyze effect dimens...

OBJECTIVE To examine the effect of trauma velocity on the pattern of Le Fort I facial fractures. METHOD A retrospective medical record review was conducted on a consecutive cohort of craniofacial traumas surgically treated by a single surgeon between 2007 and 2011 (n=150). Of these cases, 39 Le Fort fractures were identified. Patient demographic information, method of trauma and velocity of i...

Thermal conductive heating (TCH) is an innovative remediation technology developed for aggressive in-situ non-aqueous phase liquid (NAPL) source zone treatment. Electrical heater wells are used to conductively transfer heat into the subsurface, thereby elevating temperatures and boiling both ground water and NAPLs. The design of a TCH remediation system needs to consider the cooling effect of i...

Water fluxes in unsaturated, fractured rock involve the physical processes occurring at fracture-matrix interfaces within fracture networks. Modeling these water fluxes using a discrete fracture network model is a complicated effort. Existing preprocessors for TOUGH2 are not suitable to generate grids for fracture networks with various orientations and inclinations. There are several 3-D discre...

A method is devised for estimating the potential permeability of fracture networks from attributes of fractures observed in outcrop. The technique, which is intended as a complement to traditional approaches, is based on type curves that represent various combinations of fracture lengths, fracture orientations and proportions (i.e., intensities) of fractures that participate in flow. Numerical ...