BACKGROUND Mass-forming focal pancreatitis (FP) may mimic pancreatic cancer (PC) on magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, and the preoperative differential diagnosis is often difficult. Recently, the usefulness of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer has been reported in several studies. PURPOSE To investigate if apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) measurements b...

Multifilamentary Nb-Ti superconducting wires with heterogenous flux pinning nano-structures have been fabricated using artificial pinning center (APC) technology. Pinning centers were introduced into Nb-Ti filaments, consisting of Cu-Ni, Nb and Nb+Ti rods with the triangular arrangement and the volume fraction of 17 %. After final hot extrusions, the APC wires were drawn down over a high strain...

Let R be a perfect Fp-algebra, equipped with the trivial norm. Let W (R) be the ring of p-typical Witt vectors over R, equipped with the p-adic norms. We prove that via the Teichmüller map, the nonarchimedean analytic space (in the sense of Berkovich) associated to R is a (strong) deformation retract of the space associated to W (R).

Members of the peroxisome proliferator activated receptor (PPAR) family of transcription factors are under investigation as molecular targets for the treatment of numerous diseases including Alzheimer's, asthma, atherosclerosis, inflammation, multiple sclerosis, cancer, and diabetes. We employed the X-ray crystal structure of the PPARgamma subtype complexed with the potent small molecule agonis...

BACKGROUND Postmarketing surveillance is routinely conducted to monitor performance of pharmaceuticals and testing devices in the marketplace. However, these surveillance methods are often done retrospectively and, as a result, are not designed to detect issues with performance in real-time. METHODS AND FINDINGS Using HIV antibody screening test data from New York City STD clinics, we develop...

Despite the central role of soil microbial communities in global carbon (C) cycling, little is known about soil microbial community structure and even less about their metabolic pathways. Efforts to characterize soil communities often focus on identifying differences in gene content across environmental gradients, but an alternative question is what genes are similar in soils. These genes may i...