Corn was inoculated with Lactobacillus plantarum and Propionibacterium freudenreichii subsp. shermanii either independently or as a mixture at ensiling, in order to determine the effect of bacterial additives on corn silage quality. Grain corn was harvested at 32-37% of dry matter and ensiled in a 4 L laboratory silo. Forage was treated as follows: bacterial types: B0 (without bacteria-control)...

A heifer feeding trial evaluated the impact of high/low forage quality and high/low concentrate level nutrient-balanced diets on simultaneous odor and gas emissions from the manure. Gas concentration was determined using an infrared photoacoustic analyzer over a 24-hour period using a steady-state flux chamber setup containing urine:feces as-excreted from eight individual heifers. Odorous air s...

The objective of this study was to examine the effects of dietary forage level and fat supplementation on the chemical composition of mixed ruminal bacteria (MRB). Six ruminally cannulated beef steers (354 kg +/- 18) were given ad libitum access to six diets (13.2% CP; DM basis) that were offered twice daily in a 6 x 6 Latin square design. Treatments were arranged as a 2 x 3 factorial with two ...

The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of supplemental tribasic copper chloride (TBCC) vs Cu sulfate on the Cu status and voluntary forage intake of growing heifers fed forage-based diets. Twenty-four crossbred heifers were stratified by weight and randomly allotted to individual pens. Heifers were provided free-choice access to ground grass hay (8.0 and 54.0% CP and TDN, res...

the chemical and fermentative parameters of three fresh forages and silages of sorghum including sweet, pegah and speedfeed varieties were compared with corn using in vitro method, also degradability coefficients of forages and silages were determined by in situ method. forages were planted in the same condition and harvested in soft dough stage, then ensilaged in four replicates for each time ...

the study was carried out to examine the effects of urban sewage and nitrogen fertilizer levels on yield quantity and quality forage of sweet corn was evaluated in yasouj at 2009. the main experimental factor consisted of 5 irrigation levels including: common irrigation water without sewage effluent until the end of plant growth (i1), the first half of plant growth period with sewage effluent a...

Several reduced, or conservation tillage (CT) approaches are currently being evaluated in Central Valley forage production systems. In theory, these practices reduce costs and minimize the time needed to go from one crop to the next. Recent single-year trials with dairy forage producers in Stanislaus and Tulare Counties have evaluated the potential of several CT systems and have identified a nu...

Hay and silage crops are integral parts of beef production in the Great Plains. In the southern Great Plains, a growing dairy industry is adding demand for silage and hay. Corn silage has long served the region well, producing consistent high quality silage. However, many areas of the southern Great Plains no longer have the irrigation capacity to successfully produce corn silage. Forage sorghu...

The amount of manure produced on dairy farms can affect the financial bottom line. Labor, equipment, and facilities are needed to move and store manure, all of which have a cost. Increased output of manure can represent losses in potentially digestible nutrients (increased feed costs). Lastly, the environmental impact of dairy farming is strongly related with the quantity and composition of man...

Four .8-ha pastures of bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon [L.] Pers.) were fertilized with either 456 or 873 kg/ha of nitrogen (N) from swine lagoon effluent (two replicates per treatment) and grazed by steers over two summers. Within each pasture, steers received forage only, an energy source (corn), a mixture of corn and soybean meal, or a mixture of corn and blood meal via electronic Calan feede...