More than half of all recoverable oil reserves are found in carbonate rocks. Most these fields highly fractured and develop different zonations during primary secondary recovery stages; therefore, they require a developmental approach conventional reservoirs. Experimental results for water-alternating gas injection [WAG] foam-assisted [FAWAG] under tertiary conditions were used to investigate e...

In this study, a benign process was used to successfully produce low density foam from poly(arylene ether sulfone) (PAES). Both carbon dioxide (CO2) and water as well as nitrogen and water were used as physical blowing agents in a one-step batch process. A large amount of blowing agents (up to 7.5%) was able to diffuse into the PAES resin in a 2-h saturation time. Utilizing water and CO2 as the...

Water-based fracturing fluids are among the most common fluid types used in hydraulic operations. However, these tend to cause damage water-sensitive formations. Foam comprises a small amount of base fluid, and compressible gas such as carbon dioxide nitrogen has emerged more ecologically friendly option fracture is an attractive since it low density high viscosity. The applicability foamed fra...

Foam-enhanced oil recovery (EOR) is poised to become one of the most promising tertiary techniques keep up with continuously increasing global energy demands. Due their low sensitivity gravity and permeability heterogeneities that improve sweep efficiency, foams are preferred injection fluids over water or gas. Although foam has been used in field control gas mobility, its success still hindere...

We investigate experimentally the behavior of liquid foams pumped at a given flow rate through a single pore, in the situation where the pore diameter is smaller than the bubble diameter. Results reveal that foam invasion can be observed only within a restricted range of values for the dimensionless flow rate and the foam liquid fraction. Within this foam invasion regime, the liquid content of ...

By numerical simulation, a bilateral horizontal well is placed in a crude oil reservoir with bottom water. The upper branch which is located near the top of the reservoir is for producing and the lower branch which is located near the oil water contract is for nitrogen foam injecting. Packers are used to control the alternation between productions and injections. When water cut of the upper bra...

in this study, simple and efficient ultrasound-assisted emulsification microextraction (usaeme) combined with gas chromatography-flame ionization detector (gc-fid) was developed for the preconcentration and determination of carbamazepine in biological samples. in this method, the fine droplets of 1-octanol were formed and dispersed in the sample with the help of ultrasonic waves, which accelera...

Foam injection is widely applied in amounts of fields to drilling, production, and formation protection. Sometimes, the application result is disappointing, which is caused by the failure of bubble generation in foam flooding. Therefore, it is necessary to seek ways for improving the performance of foam injection. An increased disturbance to the stratum, like the vibration caused by a seismic o...

A dynamic model for describing the build-up and breakdown of a glass-melt foam is presented. The foam height is determined by the gas flux to the glass-melt surface and the drainage rate of the liquid lamellae between the gas bubbles. The drainage rate is determined by the average gas bubble radius and the physical properties of the glass melt: density, viscosity, surface tension, and interfaci...

A chemical and water-free laser-assisted cleaning technology using deep ultraviolet photons in conjunction with a flowing inert gas is introduced. This environment friendly technology can be used in a wide-range of industrial applications.