In the present work, the surface microtexture and chemical changes induced in human dentin by laser processing with KrF excimer laser radiation using fluences ranging from 0.5 to 20 J/cm2 were studied by SEM, XPS and FTIR. Two distinct behaviours were observed in the evolution of surface topography. In some samples, the laser-treated surface remained flat, independently of the fluence used. It ...

Background: The characteristics of secondary neutrons in a high energy radiation therapy room were studied using the MCNPX Monte Carlo (MC) code. Materials and Methods: Two MC models including a model with full description of head components and a simplified model used in previous studies were implemented for MC simulations. Results: Results showed 4-53% difference between full and wit...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES We have recently shown that repeated low fluence photoepilation (LFP) with intense pulsed light (IPL) leads to effective hair removal, which is fully reversible. Contrary to permanent hair removal treatments, LFP does not induce severe damage to the hair follicle. The purpose of the current study is to investigate the impact of LFP on the structure and the physiology o...

The Gamma-ray instruments on-board INTEGRAL offer an unique opportunity to perform time resolved analysis on GRBs. The imager IBIS allows accurate positioning of GRBs and broad band spectral analysis, while SPI provides high resolution spectroscopy. GRB 030501 was discovered by the INTEGRAL Burst Alert System in the ISGRI field of view. Although the burst was fairly weak (fluence F20−200 keV ≃ ...

We have examined phytochrome regulated changes in transcript abundance for 11 different light regulated mRNAs in developing pea buds. Fluence-response curves were measured for changes in transcript abundance in response to red light pulses in both the low and very low fluence ranges. Most trnscripts show only low fluence responses, with a threshold of approximately 10 micromoles per square mete...

Photoacoustic (PA) imaging is capable of probing blood oxygen saturation (sO2), which has been shown to correlate with tissue hypoxia, a promising cancer biomarker. However, wavelength-dependent local fluence changes can compromise sO2 estimation accuracy in tissue. This work investigates using PA imaging with interstitial irradiation and local fluence correction to assess precision and accurac...

We report on the formation of organized sub-micron YBa(2)Cu(3)O(7) (YBCO) dots induced by irradiating femtosecond laser pulses on YBCO films prepared by pulse laser deposition with fluence in the range of 0.21 approximately 0.53 J/cm(2). The morphology of the YBCO film surface depends strongly on the laser fluences irradiated. At lower laser fluence (approximately 0.21 J/cm(2)) the morphology w...

This paper describes the proton irradiation and subsequent analysis of 8 e2v technologies CCD65 L3Vision devices with the intention of assessing the suitability of L3Vision technology to applications in space. In particular the use of L3Vision charge coupled devices (CCDs) on the Radial Velocity Spectrometer (RVS) instrument of the planned European Space Agency GAIA mission is discussed. The op...

Knowledge of the local optical fluence in biological tissue is of fundamental importance for biomedical optical techniques to achieve quantification. We report a method to noninvasively measure the local optical fluence in optically inhomogeneous scattering media. The concept is based on two aspects: the local tagging of light using ultrasonic modulation and the photon path reversibility princi...

The size-fractionation of multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWNT) in the dimethylformamide (DMF) solution of poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) has been achieved by controlled sonication–centrifugation cycles. The Z-scan experiments and fluence-dependent transmission measurements with nanosecond laser pulses of 532 nm wavelength show that the optical limiting behavior of MWNTs in PVDF/DMF solution is...