Regional cerebral blood flow was investigated using single photon emission computed tomography and xenon-133 intravenous injection in six patients with dementia of the Alzheimer type (DAT) with atypical focal clinical presentation, and in 20 age-matched healthy volunteers. The patients had a progressive and preponderant cognitive deficit and a focal hypoperfusion that correlated with the neurop...

Boundary-layer flow over a realistic porous wall might contain both the effects of wall-permeability and wall-roughness. These two are typically examined in context rough-wall flow, i.e. by defining ‘roughness’ length or equivalent to capture effect surface on momentum deficit/drag. In this work, we examine hypothesis Esteban et al. ( Phys. Rev. Fluids , vol. 7, no. 9, 2022, 094603), that turbu...

The interaction between a turbulent free-stream and a turbulent boundary layer is investigated through particle image velocimetry measurements. An ‘interaction layer’ located between 0.12 ≤ y/δ ≤ 0.19, at the end of the log layer, is identified whereby the kinetic energy in this layer describes the flow above it. Conditional averages about the interaction layer indicate that it is home to peaks...

Cerebral Vasospasm With Infarction • A case of intense unilateral cerebral vasospasm with appropriate neurological deficit following rupture of a posterior communicating aneurysm was followed with serial angiography. Associated with the initially intense spasm was subsequent regional hyperperfusion with early venous filling which disappeared as signs of focal cerebral atrophy ensued. These angi...

The common carotid arteries were ligated bilaterally 2 weeks before induction of subarachnoid hemorrhage in rabbits. The rabbits were observed closely for clinical symptoms, and angiographic and pathologic investigations were performed. Thirteen experimental rabbits showed a progressing neurologic deficit that was worst on the fourth or fifth day after the subarachnoid hemorrhage. This symptoma...

The recently discovered nonequilibrium turbulence dissipation law implies the existence of axisymmetric turbulent wake regions where the mean flow velocity deficit decays as the inverse of the distance from the wake-generating body and the wake width grows as the square root of that distance. This behavior is different from any documented boundary-free turbulent shear flow to date. Its existenc...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Small subcortical white matter infarcts are a common stroke subtype often associated with cognitive deficits. The lack of relevant models confined to white matter has limited the investigation of its pathophysiology. Here, we examine tissue and functional outcome after an ischemic lesion within corpus callosum in wild-type (WT) mice and in mice null for a gene, NOTCH3, li...

During a time of rising world interest rates, the central bank of a small open economy may be motivated to increase its own interest rate to keep from suffering a destabilizing outflow of capital and depreciation in the exchange rate. Empirically, this paper shows that this is especially true for a small open economy with a current account deficit, which relies on foreign capital inflows to fin...

To investigate the mechanisms underlying the neuroprotective effect of L-serine, permanent focal cerebral ischemia was induced by occlusion of the middle cerebral artery while monitoring cerebral blood flow (CBF). Rats were divided into control and L-serine-treated groups after middle cerebral artery occlusion. The neurological deficit score and brain infarct volume were assessed. Nissl stainin...

Accumulation is a fundamental process in dynamic systems: inventory accumulates production less shipments; the national debt accumulates the federal deficit. Effective decision making in such systems requires an understanding of the relationship between stocks and the flows that alter them. However, highly educated people are often unable to infer the behavior of simple stock-flow systems. Poor...