Analytical and numerical methodologies are combined to investigate the flow fields that approach and pass around the lateral flagellum of the crayfish Procambarus clarkii. Two cases are considered, the first being that of a free-flicking flagellum and the second corresponding to a flagellum fixed inside a small bore tube. The first case is the natural one while the second corresponds to the exp...

Field hockey is a game played with a ball and stick. In this game players attempt to score goals by hitting, pushing or flicking the ball with hockey sticks into the opposing team's goal. In field hockey the penalty corner was introduced for offences by defenders in the circle. In recent years, the innovation of drag flick becomes a vital part of teams attacking arsenal due to goal scoring oppo...

BACKGROUND Diabetes mellitus (types 1 and 2) leads to secondary complications such as neuropathy, which reduce a patient's quality of life. Apelin and its receptor, APJ, have been shown to have antinociceptive effects and to decrease blood glucose levels. OBJECTIVES The present experimental study was conducted in Iran and investigated the role of apelin, which is used to manage type 1 diabete...

The author of a distributed system is often faced with a dilemma when writing the system's communication code. If the code is written by hand (e.g., using Active Messages) or partly by hand (e.g., using mpi) then the speed of the application may be maximized, but the human eeort required to implement and maintain the system is greatly increased. On the other hand, if the code is generated using...

Purpose: Buprederm-Buprenorphine transdermal delivery system (BTDS) was developed for the treatment of post-operative and chronic pains. This study examined the relationship between the plasma concentration of buprenorphine and its analgesic effect (tail flick test) in order to assess the usefulness of pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic (PK-PD) modeling in describing this relationship. Methods: Af...

BACKGROUND The current study investigated whether racemic bupivacaine and its S(-)- and R(+)-enantiomers, levobupivacaine and dextrobupivacaine, differ in somatic and visceral antinociception and neurotoxicity when administered intrathecally in rats. METHODS In experiment 1, rats intrathecally received 15 microl saline or 0.125, 0.25, 0.5, or 1% bupivacaine, levobupivacaine, or dextrobupivaca...

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Leaf extracts of Buddleja globosa (Buddlejaceae) are used in Chilean folk medicine for wound healing. The anti-inflammatory (topic and per os), analgesic (per os) effects and the antioxidant activity of Buddleja globosa were for the first time reported by us. AIM OF THE STUDY Assess the antinociceptive activity of the methanol sequential and global extracts usin...

Background 
 Ficus religiosa, commonly known as peepal, is widely distributed in Indian subcontinent. It has been used an antiepileptic, aphrodisiac, analgesic, anti-inflammatory and laxative traditional medicine.
 Objective To explore the analgesic effect of aqueous root extract religiosa using thermal chemical models pain swiss albino mice.
 Method The aerial was prepared soxhl...