The aim of this work was to analyse the applicability of electrical conductivity sensors for on-line monitoring the start-up period of an anaerobic fixed-bed reactor. The evolution of bicarbonate concentration and methane production rate was analysed. Strong linear relationships between electrical conductivity and both bicarbonate concentration and methane production rate were observed. On-line...

This study assessed the effect of the carbon/nitrogen (C/N) ratio on the hydrogen production from sucrose-based synthetic wastewater in upflow fixed-bed anaerobic reactors. C/N ratios of 40, 90, 140, and 190 (g C/g N) were studied using sucrose and urea as the carbon and nitrogen sources, respectively. An optimum hydrogen yield of 3.5 mol H2 mol-1 sucrose was obtained for a C/N ratio of 137 by ...

Stratégia adaptívneho riadenia pre triedu nelineárneho rozvoja bioprocesov This paper presents the control problem of a class of propagation bioprocesses that are carried out in fixed bed reactors. Since the dynamics of these processes are described by partial differential equations, in order to obtain useful models for control purposes, a possible method consists of approximation of their infi...

Approximately 1.5 billion tyres are produced each year which will eventually enter the waste stream representing a major potential waste and environmental problem. However, there is growing interest in pyrolysis as a technology to treat tyres to produce valuable oil, char and gas products. The most common reactors used are fixed-bed (batch), screw kiln, rotary kiln, vacuum and fluidised-bed. Th...

The theoretical model for a packed porous catalytic particle of the slab, cylindrical, and spherical geometries shape in fixed-bed electrochemical reactors is discussed. These particles have internal mass concentration temperature gradients endothermic or exothermic reactions. based on nonlinear reaction–diffusion equation containing term with an exponential relationship between intrinsic react...