A fluidized bed system combining two circulating fluidized bed reactors is proposed and investigated for chemical looping combustion using metal oxides as oxygen carriers. The global solids loop starts in one of the two reactors (primary reactor) where solids are entrained, separated from the gas in a cyclone and sent to the other reactor (secondary reactor) via a fluidized loop seal. From the ...

Several methods have been developed previously for estimating cumulative energy production and plutonium production from graphite-moderated reactors. These methods generally fall into the category of nuclear archaeology. The Graphite Isotope Ratio Method (GIRM) is one well-known technique of this type. This method is based on the measurement of trace isotopes in the reactor’s graphite matrix to...

A significant fraction of the UKPADD-2 decay-data library has been incorporated into version 2 of the Joint Evaluated File (JEF-2.2, OECD/NEA Data Bank). Subsequent reviews of JEF-2.2 have highlighted the need for further developments in the recommended data for fission and fusion applications. For example, UKAEA staff involved in fusion studies identified 80 nuclides for which improvements in ...

This paper presents the status of studies on transmutation of minor actinides (MA) and long-lived fission products (LLFP) in a fast reactor at JNC, which includes four areas of work: (a) design studies, (b) nuclear data measurement and evaluation, (c) fuel fabrication and irradiation test, (d) strategy studies. It was found that the mixed hybrid MA-loading method, where Np nuclide is dispersed ...

In nuclear reactors, severe radiation environments continuously alter thermo-mechanical and chemical properties of nuclear fuel materials (actinide based alloys and ceramics) [1]. The physics and chemistry of such materials increase in complexity due to irradiation effects. To address these issues, several projects have been developed all over the world to assess the properties of multi-compone...

The neutron population in a nuclear reactor is subject to fluctuations in time and in space due to the competition of diffusion by scattering, births by fission events, and deaths by absorptions. As such, fission chains provide a prototype model for the study of spatial clustering phenomena. In order for the reactor to be operated in stationary conditions at the critical point, the population o...

Some “alternates within alternates” are studied and possible improvement of our energy policies are explored. The viability of a hydrogen fuel economy is reviewed. Methanol, ethanol or ammonia versus hydrogen is one area of interest. Others include liquid hydrogen versus jet fuels, the use of geothermal, solar, wind or water energy for production of hydrogen gas versus development of deep earth...

The 250 kW TRIGA Mark II research reactor, Vienna, operates since 7 March 1962. The initial criticality was achieved with the first core loading of 57 fuel elements (FE) of same type (Aluminium clad fuel with 20% enrichment). Later on due to fuel consumption SST clad 20% enriched FE (s) have been added to compensate the reactor core burn-up. In 1975 high enriched (HEU) TRIGA fuel (FLIP fuel = F...