Mitochondria undergo cycles of fusion and fission crucial for organelle homeostasis. Fission is regulated partially by recruitment of the large GTPase Dnm1p to the outer mitochondrial membrane. Using three-dimensional time-lapse fluorescence imaging of Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells, we found that Dnm1p-EGFP appears and disappears at "hot spots" along mitochondrial tubes. It forms patches that ...

Membrane fission is the last step of membrane carrier formation. As fusion, it is a very common process in eukaryotic cells, and participates in the integrity and specificity of organelles. Although many proteins have been isolated to participate in the various membrane fission reactions, we are far from understanding how membrane fission is mechanically triggered. Here we aim at reviewing the ...

Recent efforts have been made to improve the prompt fission neutron spectrum and nu-bar measurements for Uranium and Plutonium isotopes particularly in the keV region. A system has been designed at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (RPI) utilizing an array of EJ-301 liquid scintillators as well as lithium glass and plastic scintillators to experimentally determine these values. An array of BaF2 ...

Mitochondria are dynamic organelles that change morphology by controlled fission and fusion events. Mitochondrial fission is regulated by a conserved protein complex assembled at the outer membrane. Human MTP18 is a novel nuclear-encoded mitochondrial membrane protein, implicated in controlling mitochondrial fission. Upon overexpression of MTP18, mitochondrial morphology was altered from filame...

Singlet exciton fission, a process that converts one singlet exciton to a pair of triplet excitons, has the potential to enhance the efficiency of both bulk heterojunction and dye-sensitized solar cells and is understood in crystals but not well understood in molecules. Previous studies have identified promising building blocks for singlet fission in molecular systems, but little work has inves...

Dnm1 and Fis1 are prototypical proteins that regulate yeast mitochondrial morphology by controlling fission, the dysregulation of which can result in developmental disorders and neurodegenerative diseases in humans. Loss of Dnm1 blocks the formation of fission complexes and leads to elongated mitochondria in the form of interconnected networks, while overproduction of Dnm1 results in excessive ...

Sea anemones (Phylum Cnidaria; Class Anthozoa, Order Actiniaria) exhibit a diversity of developmental patterns that include cloning by fission. Because natural histories of clonal and aclonal sea anemones are quite different, the gain and loss of fission is an important feature of actiniarian lineages. We have used mitochondrial DNA and nuclear intron DNA phylogenies to investigate the evolutio...

Mitochondria are highly dynamic and undergo constant fusion and fission that are essential for maintaining physiological functions of cells. Recently, we have reported that increased mitochondrial fission promotes autophagy and apoptosis resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell through ROS-mediated coordinated regulation of NF-κB and p53 pathways. However, little is known about the rol...

The fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe has served as an important model organism for investigating cellular morphogenesis. This unicellular rod-shaped fission yeast grows by tip extension and divides by medial fission. In particular, microtubules appear to define sites of polarized cell growth by delivering cell polarity factors to the cell tips. Microtubules also position the cell nucleus...

Timing of fission in the fissiparous starfish Allostichaster capensis under laboratory conditions is described. A. capensis generally splits across the disc along the fission plane during the spring, and then each half regenerates the missing arms during the rest of the year. The fission process can last eight hours. The healing process starts immediately after fission. A. capensis has impressi...