This paper examines flexibility in the small firm in two ways. First, it looks at the repositioning of their main product markets that firms undertake in the early life cycle, in an attempt to best exploit their niche advantages. The market extent variables used are: local, regional, Scottish, national, and international. A transition probability approach is taken, estimating the probability of...

This paper starts with a survey of different notions of learning, and finds that the “logic” of discovery has been neglected. The paradox of “exploitation” and “ exploration”, derived from the organization literature, is proposed as the core issue. We need to recognize the importance of organization and co-ordination, in learning and innovation. This implies, among other things, that transactio...

Optimal working capital management can positively effect on the Firm performance, but this relationship can be affected by major characteristics of the firm, making an important subject for research. This research investigates the moderating role of firm characteristics on the relation between working capital management and financial performance of the firms listed in TSE during 2008 – 2017 per...

The development of new technologies and innovation processes lead companies to improve their processes, resulting in products all the time. Throughout product life cycle, a firm incurs various costs related activities carried out pre-production, production post-production phases. essence strategic management tools is optimize throughout focusing on different stages. Such include target costing,...

Firms are key drivers of urban growth along with households, yet data on businesses and commercial vehicle movements can be quite difficult to obtain. An understanding of firm behavior over time is critical in anticipating urban futures and addressing transportation, land use and other concerns. Firm birth and death, migration and location choice are defining events in a firm’s life cycle, and ...

The aim of the present work is to study the evolution of organizational knowledge within Academic Spin-off (ASO) firms throughout their life cycle. The exploitation of tacit and indivisible new knowledge developed in the context of academic institutions entails agency problems of different nature; one way to address such challenges is the creation of new business firms by the inventors. At the ...

waste is a by-product of our daily activities, which poses a serious threat to societies all over the world. in this study, life cycle assessment (lca) methodology was used to determine municipal solid waste (msw) management strategy for minna, niger state, nigeria. three scenarios were modelled as alternatives to the current waste management system in minna. the baseline scenario was the exist...

this paper presents the results obtained from the life cycle assessment (lca) of the productionof sicilian artichokes (cynara scolymus) with the aim of reducing impacts, interpreting the results, suggesting possible improvements and enriching the sustainability knowledge already existing in the agro food field. artichokes represent one of the excellent italian agricultural products even if stil...