The assessment of the reliability of concrete structures during fire is becoming increasingly important due to the emergence of performance based design codes, the increased interest in decision making with respect to life time optimization of infrastructure, and the direct applicability of reliability calculations for insurance purposes. Most recent studies on the topic of the probabilistic ca...

............................................................................................... 4 Introduction .......................................................................................... 5 Bark Beetle Effects on Forest Structure, Composition and Fuel Bed Characteristics ........................................................ 10 Crown Fire Initiation and Spread .....................

In this research, fire and radiant heat protection and thermal comfort properties of cotton/nylon-Kermel blended woven fabrics, were utilized to predict the thermal comfort and protection limit of this fabric structure based on Woo and Barker developed model. The results showed that the porosity, the air permeability and the thermal resistance increased with Kermel fiber blend ratio. Conversely...

Management of fire blight is complicated by limitations on use of antibiotics in agriculture, antibiotic resistance development, and limited efficacy of alternative control agents. Even though successful in control, preventive antibiotic sprays also affect non-target bacteria, aiding the selection for resistance which could ultimately be transferred to the pathogen Erwinia amylovora. Trunk inje...