We analyze the influence of different on-site and inter-site interactions on the Curie temperature of transition metal magnetic elements. The numerical calculations show the well known result that the on-site Coulomb repulsion helps ferromagnetism mainly at half-filling of the band, where the 3d elements are antiferromagnetic (Cr, Mn). The inter-site interactions, which in the new approximation...

We report room-temperature ferromagnetism of graphitic petal arrays grown on Si substrates by microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition without catalyst. The samples have been characterized by Raman and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy to confirm the absence of possible ferromagnetic impurities. The petals exhibit ferromagnetic hysteresis with saturation magnetization of ∼4.67 emu cm(-3) and c...

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Can a gas of spin-up and spin-down fermions become ferromagnetic because of repulsive interactions? We addressed this question, for which there is not yet a definitive theoretical answer, in an experiment with an ultracold two-component Fermi gas. The observation of nonmonotonic behavior of lifetime, kinetic energy, and size for increasing repulsive interactions provides strong evidence for a p...

Band calculations for supercells of La((2-x))Ba(x)CuO(4) show that the rigid band model for doping is less adequate than what is commonly assumed. In particular, weak ferromagnetism can appear locally around clusters of high Ba concentration. The clustering is important at large dilution, and averaged models for magnetism, such as the virtual crystal approximation, are unable to stabilize magne...

FeRh thin films were irradiated with a 10 MeV iodine ion microbeam to produce micrometre-scale ferromagnetic microstructures by modifying the local magnetic character from antiferromagnetism to ferromagnetism using ion-microbeam irradiation. Two-dimensional magnetic dot arrays of dimensions ∼2 µm × 4 µm as well as 10 µm × 10 µm were successfully produced on the FeRh surface, which was confirmed...

We report zero-field muon-spin rotation and relaxation measurements on the superconducting ferromagnet UCoGe. Weak itinerant ferromagnetic order is detected by a spontaneous muon-spin precession frequency below the Curie temperature TC=3 K. The micro+ precession frequency persists below the bulk superconducting transition temperature Tsc=0.5 K, where it measures a local magnetic field Bloc=0.01...

First-principle calculations are employed to show that the magnetic structure of small atomic clusters of Co, formed on a crystalline W(110) surface and containing 3-12 atoms, strongly deviates from the usual stable ferromagnetism of Co in other systems. The clusters are ferri-, ferro- or non-magnetic, depending on cluster size and geometry. We determine the atomic Co moments and their relative...

The magnetic properties of disordered graphene and irradiated graphite are systematically studied using a combination of mean-field Hubbard model and first-principles calculations. By considering large-scale disordered models of graphene, I conclude that only single-atom defects can induce ferromagnetism in graphene-based materials. The preserved stacking order of graphene layers is shown to be...

In this review a strategy for the design of bioinspired, smart, multiscale interfacial (BSMI) materials is presented and put into context with recent progress in the field of BSMI materials spanning natural to artificial to reversibly stimuli-sensitive interfaces. BSMI materials that respond to single/dual/multiple external stimuli, e.g., light, pH, electrical fields, and so on, can switch reve...