BACKGROUND Standard therapy for suspected infections in patients with profound neutropenia is the combination of a beta-lactam antibiotic plus an aminoglycoside. Cefepime's broad-spectrum activity makes it an option for initial empirical therapy in neutropenic patients. The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of cefepime plus amikacin compared with piperacillin-tazobactam p...

Brucellosis is an important zoonosis predominantly afflicting animal and dairy product handlers. Its occurrence as a hospital acquired infection especially in febrile neutropenia has been reported only rarely. We present a case of acute myeloid leukemia that developed febrile neutropenia during the course of induction chemotherapy when blood culture grew brucella. He responded to appropriate an...

Febrile neutropenia is the major dose-limiting toxicity of anticancer chemotherapy in small cell lung cancer (SCLC). Nadir and duration of neutropenia have been correlated to the risk of developing sepsis [1], increasing healthcare costs and deteriorating quality of life. Despite empirical broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy at the onset of fever and dose reduction of chemotherapy during subseque...

Intensive chemotherapy/radiotherapy in cancer, especially with hematologic malignancies, causes cellular injury and suppression of inflammatory responses, which increase the risks neutropenia febrile episodes. Absolute neutrophil count < 1 ? 109/L is considered neutropenia, absolute 0.5 or that expected to decrease next 48 hours severe while 0.1 109 referred as profound neutropenia. Febrile ...

Febrile neutropenia is common in children with leukemia. Mucous membrane and skin are most common portals of entry for microorganisms in these patients. The aim of the present study was to find the prevalence of mucocutaneous findings infebrile neutropenic leukemic children. The authors prospectively examined children with fever with neutropenia in acute leukemia, aged 1-15 years, who were admi...

G-CSF and GM-CSF are used widely to promote the production of granulocytes or APCs. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved G-CSF (filgrastim) for the treatment of congenital and acquired neutropenias and for mobilization of peripheral hematopoietic progenitor cells for stem cell transplantation. A polyethylene glycol-modified form of G-CSF is approved for the treatment of neutropenias. ...

Drug therapy plays a significant role in causing neutropenia. The neutropenia may be immune mediated or due to direct inhibition of the bone marrow precursors. Recently, due to wide use of chemotherapy, febrile neutropenia has become a common and devastating problem. Neutropenia predisposes to many bacterial and fungal infections with organisms including gram negative bacilli such as E. coli, K...

Neutropenic fever is an oncologic emergency that requires prompt assessment and treatment with antibiotics. Although the term "prompt" is not defined in numbers of minutes in the biomedical literature, the literature does indicate that the sooner antibiotics are initiated, the greater the likelihood of a positive clinical outcome. At Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center in Lebanon, NH, the oncolo...

Febrile neutropenia is a frequent complication in hematology-oncology, BMT, and solid organ transplantation. Approximately 50% of those who develop febrile neutropenia have a documented or occult infection. Febrile patients with severe neutropenia (<100/mm3) have bacteremia in up to 20% of cases. Initial evaluation should include careful history and physical examination with particular attentio...

DOI: 10.5581/1516-8484.20130002 The management of neutropenia is a challenge in the clinical practice. It is known since the 1960s that risk of infection is associated with the intensity and duration of neutropenia(1). Neutropenic patients with an infection usually present incomplete signs and symptoms considering the severity of the condition. Thus, rubor, erythema and pustules may not be seen...