One of hypotheses of atherosclerosis is based on a presumption that the zones prone to the development of atherosclerosis contain lysosomes which are characterized by enzyme deficiency and thus, are unable to dispose of lipoproteins. The present study was undertaken to investigate the characteristics and changes of lysosomes in the earliest stages of the development of atherosclerosis. Electron...

Introduction Atherosclerosis The term, atherosclerosis, as it was originally coined by Thoma in 1886, was devised to describe a degenerative process involving the progressive hardening of the blood vessel wall. Today we have advanced to the understanding that the ultimate atherosclerotic lesion is a complex and heterogeneous arrangement of rapidly proliferating and migrating cells that produce ...

cular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 (VCAM-1), mediating a more sustained leukocyte adhesion to the endothelium. Chemokines attract monocytes and lymphocytes to the area allowing for their subsequent interaction with the endothelial adhesion molecules. Monocytes migrate between the endothelial cells and in response to a variety of chemical factors, mature into macrophages and express “scavenger recep...

BACKGROUND Atherosclerosis is associated with immune responses to oxidized lipoproteins and certain microorganisms, but the role of specific immunity has remained unclear. METHODS AND RESULTS To study the role of immunity in atherosclerosis, we crossed atherosclerosis-prone apoE(-/-) mice with immunodeficient scid/scid mice. The offspring showed a 73% reduction in aortic fatty streak lesions ...

An experimental study was made of the distribution of the primary hypoblastic cells in the lower layer of the avian blastoderm throughout primitive streak formation and until stage 10 (Hamburger & Hamilton, 1951). The primary hypoblast of stage XIII (Eyal-Giladi & Kochav, 1976) chick blastoderms was exchanged for either an [H3]thymidine-labelled similar chick hypoblast, or a quail primary hypob...

Deficient Mice − Binding Protein on Fatty-Streak Formation in Apolipoprotein E Differential Effects of Interleukin-1 Receptor Antagonist and Tumor Necrosis Factor Print ISSN: 0009-7322. Online ISSN: 1524-4539 Copyright © 1998 American Heart Association, Inc. All rights reserved. is published by the American Heart Association, 7272 Greenville Avenue, Dallas, TX 75231 Circulation doi: 10.1161/01....

the oxidation of low-density lipoproteins and cell membrane lipids is believed to play an integral role in the development of fatty streak lesions, an initial step in coronary artery disease (cad). paraoxonase-1 (pon1) is an enzyme associated with the high-density lipoprotein (hdl) particle. pon1 protects ldl from oxidative modification by hydrolyzing lipid peroxides, suggestive of a role for p...

purpose: to present a case of pseudoxanthoma elasticum (pxe) with ocular involvement and visual loss. case report: a 36 year old male presented with severe visual loss since 2 years ago. on funduscopy peau d’orange appearance and angioid streaks were evident. the diagnosis of pxe was confirmed by skin biopsy of papular lesions on the neck. conclusion:  ocular findings may be helpful in the diag...