Consumers are paying more and attention to ethical social criteria during grocery shopping. As a result, Fair Trade products which certified address global supply chain issues (e.g., forced labor, working conditions, fair pay), gaining popularity. However, it is unclear extent labels might influence how consumers perceive such labelled food products. The aim of this research was examine the pot...

We study the packet dispersion phenomenon that a traffic flow experiences when it passes through a router. We show that when there are competing flows and the router schedules packets first-come-first-served (FCFS), the dispersion is not described well by the bottleneck spacing effect. We therefore introduce the term FCFS-spacing effect. We also show that for a router implementing weighted fair...

There is a need for the communities to develop their health financing system, most especially those that were not covered by the National Health Insurance Scheme (NHIS). This will give the people an opportunity to finance their medical care which in turn would alleviate financial burden at the point of treatment. Therefore, this study is aimed to determine the level of awareness for Community B...

Waste is a byproduct of human life. Nowadays, municipal solid waste is being produced in excessive amounts and in this way, both developing and developed countries are facing challenges regarding generation of waste. Economic development, urbanization and improved living standards in cities have contributed to increase in the amount and complexity of solid waste produced. The present stud...

We consider scheduling policies for maxmin fair allocation of bandwidth in wireless adhoc networks. We formalize the maxmin fair objective under wireless scheduling constraints. We propose a fair scheduling which assigns dynamic weights to the flows such that the weights depend on the congestion in the neighborhood and schedule the flows which constitute a maximum weighted matching. It is possi...

Class-based traffic treatment frameworks such as Differentiated Service (DiffServ) have been proposed to resolve the poor scalability problem in the flow-based approach. Although the performance is differentiated in a class-based basis, the performance seen by individual flows in the same class may differ from that seen by the class and has not been well understood. We investigate this issue by...

the issue of water resources and their effect on human life doesn't need any analysis and reasoning. however, such factors as population growth, improved quality of life and development of urbanization along with improved industrial and technological dimensions of human life have necessitated logical and reasonable planning for optimal use of water and water basins of the world. these fact...