An advantage of functionally graded materials (FGMs) over laminated composites is that material properties vary continuously in an FGM but are discontinuous across adjoining layers in laminated composites. Furthermore, in an FGM material, properties can be graded in all three directions which is more difficult to achieve in laminated composites. FGMs have been used for structural optimization, ...

Free vibration of laminated composite shells with cutouts are presented by a nine noded curved C0 finite element (FE) formulation developed by authors based on higher order shear deformation theory (HSDT) using Sander's approximations. The proposed model satisfies parabolic distribution of transverse shear strains through the shell thickness and zero transverse shear stress conditions at shell ...

A primary goal in seismology is to identify constraints arising from the small scale physics of friction and fracture that can provide bounds on seismic hazard and ground motion at the fault scale. Here we review the multi-scale earthquake rupture problem and describe a physical model for the deformation of amorphous materials such as granular fault gouge. The model is based on Shear Transforma...

In this paper, the flexural response of functionally graded plates with porosities is investigated using a novel higher order shear deformation theory, which considers the influence of thickness stretching. This theory fulfills the nullity conditions at the top and bottom of the plate for the transverse shear stresses, thus avoids the need of a shear correction factor. The effective material pr...

Stability of functionally graded beams with piezoelectric layers subjected to axial compressive load that is simply supported at both ends is studied in this paper. The displacement field of beam is assumed based on first order shear deformation beam theory. Applying the Hamilton's principle, the governing equation is established. The influences of applied voltage, dimensionless geometrical par...

In this paper, a new approach for nonlinear numerical modelling of the reinforced concrete shear walls with consideration of bar-concrete interaction and shear deformation is proposed. Bar and concrete stress-strain relations, the bar-concrete interaction, the shear stress-strain relation and, also, their cyclic behavior including the strength degradation and stiffness degradation are adopted a...

in present study, thermo-elastic buckling analysis of multi-layer orthotropic annular/circular graphene sheets is investigated based on eringen’s theory. the moderately thick and also thick nano-plates are considered. using the non-local first and third order shear deformation theories, the governing equations are derived. the van der waals interaction between the layers is simulated for multi-...

Hardness and plastic deformation during Vickers indentation in as-cast, annealed, and fully crystallized Zr57Cu27Al11Ni5 bulk metallic glass was examined. Subsurface deformation morphology under the indenter tip was studied at various loads and for different annealing time. Appreciable plastic deformation, through shear banding, occurs in the as-cast and annealed alloys. Two different types of ...