Exchange rate fluctuation has a significant effect on the risk of marketing business, economic development and financial stability. Accurate prediction for exchange rate may reduce commercial and economic risk arisen by exchange rate fluctuation. In this study, we propose an intelligent approach to the forecasting problem of the CNY-USD exchange rate, where a neurofuzzy self-organizing system i...

abstract: central banks have long been interested in obtaining precise estimations of money demand given the fact that the evolution of money demand plays a key role over several monetary variables. one implication of currency substitution is that the exchange rate could serve as another determinant of the demand for money. due to the recent currency crisis in iran, it would be important to inv...

foreign trade of any country is considered as one of the major economic sectors of that society as far as some refer to trade as the “engine of growth”. foreign exchange rate and its volatilities is one of the effective factors determining foreign trade. the present paper deals with the impact of real exchange rate uncertainty on imports in iran during 1979-2009. in this respect, first, among v...

â â â  given companies’ dynamic responses to expected exchange rate changes, this article improves on current methods of measuring exposure to foreign exchange rate changes by breaking down the spot exchange rate changes into expected changes and unexpected changes. the currency risk exposure coefficients resulting from an empirical analysis of shanghai stock exchange a share listed companies...

Real world problems are described by nonlinear and chaotic processes, which makes them hard to model and predict. This chapter first compares the neural network (NN) and the artificial higher order neural network (HONN) and then presents commonly known neural network architectures and a number of HONN architectures. The time series prediction problem is formulated as a system identification pro...

abstract main objective of this paper is to evaluate supportive policies of beef producers during the first, second, third and fourth terms of economic, social, and cultural development plans (1989 - 2008).to evaluate the policies, the producers support estimate(pse) index and other indicators (pse %, npc & nac) were used. furthermore, percentages of pse were calculated in different scenarios o...