It has long been known that the gaseous plant hormone ethylene plays a key role in nodulation in legumes. The perception of ethylene by a family of five membrane-localized receptors is necessary to trigger the ethylene signaling pathway, which regulates various biological responses in Arabidopsis. However, a systematic analysis of the ethylene receptors in leguminous plants and their roles in n...

Ethylene perception in Arabidopsis is controlled by a family of five genes, including ETR1, ERS1 (ethylene response sensor 1), ERS2, ETR2, and EIN4. ERS1, the most highly conserved gene with ETR1, encodes a protein with 67% identity to ETR1. To clarify the role of ERS1 in ethylene sensing, we biochemically characterized the ERS1 protein by heterologous expression in yeast. ERS1, like ETR1, form...

Partial submergence of deepwater rice (Oryza sativa L. cv Habiganj Aman II) elicits three responses: enhancement of internodal elongation, inhibition of leaf growth, and promotion of adventitious root formation. All three responses can be induced in isolated stem sections by treatment with ethylene. Dose-response curves indicate that the responses are linearly related to the logarithm of the et...

Oxidation of ethylene to ethylene oxide over silver catalyst and selenium modified catalyst has been studied by continuous flow and pulse techniques over the temperature range of 230-280 °C. The results are discussed in terms of reaction mechanisms proposed by others, rejecting mechanisms which involve peroxide formation. It has been shown that not only selectivity towards ethylene oxide pr...

What is it? Ethylene, or ethene in chemistry circles, is a colorless, flammable gas composed of two carbon atoms joined by a double bond. The chemical formula is C 2 H 4. Discovery as a biological agent… … In the late 19th Century, Dimitry Nikolayevich Neljubov, a young researcher at the Botanical Institute of St Petersburg, identified ethylene as the minor component of illuminating gas that ca...

Ethylene inhibits cell division, DNA synthesis, and growth in the meristems of roots, shoots, and axillary buds, without influencing RNA synthesis. Apical dominance often is broken when ethylene is removed, apparently because the gas inhibits polar auxin transport irreversibly, thereby reducing the shoot's auxin content just as if the apex had been removed. A similar mechanism may underly ethyl...

Ethylene can induce abscission of leaves and other plant organs. Increased ethylene production by plant tissues can occur after invasion by microorganisms. The fungus Cercospora arachidicola Hori, attacks peanut leaflets and causes defoliation. Our objective was to determine if ethylene was involved in this defoliation. Leaves of three peanut, Arachis sp., genotypes were inoculated with C. arac...

(14)C-Ethylene was metabolized by etiolated pigweed seedlings (Amaranthus retroflexus L.) in the manner similar to that observed in other plants. The hormone was oxidized to (14)CO(2) and incorporated into (14)C-tissue components. Selected cyclic olefins with differing abilities to block ethylene action were used to determine if ethylene metabolism in pigweed is necessary for ethylene action. 2...

The roots curl in naphthylphthalamic acid1 (rcn1) mutant of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) has altered auxin transport, gravitropism, and ethylene response, providing an opportunity to analyze the interplay between ethylene and auxin in control of seedling growth. Roots of rcn1 seedlings were previously shown to have altered auxin transport, growth, and gravitropism, while rcn1 hypocotyl el...

Citrus fruits infected with the fungus Penicillium digitatum substantially increase the production of the plant hormone ethylene. In this study, the regulation of ethylene biosynthesis in Citrus sinensis-infected fruits and its putative involvement in an active defence response against P. digitatum infection is examined. Ethylene production is demonstrated as being the result of the co-ordinate...