This paper considers potential cellulosic ethanol production from Southern slash pine (Pinus elliottii) plantations. The net energy balance (NEB), emissions and associated environmental impacts, unit cost of ethanol production, and associated changes to forest land values are calculated and preliminary results are given. The NEB is found to be positive at 2.2, meaning that for every unit of ene...

Feasible biorefineries for production of second-generation ethanol are difficult to establish due to the process complexity. An alternative is to partially include the process in the first-generation plants. Whole stillage, a by-product from dry-mill ethanol processes from grains, is mostly composed of undegraded bran and lignocelluloses can be used as a potential substrate for production of et...

Background: Varicocele is the abnormal tortuosity and dilatation of the veins of the pampiniform plexus within the spermatic cord. Varicocele-related pathology is suspected in infertility as it leads to elevated temperatures in the scrotum and testes, which has a deleterious effect on spermatogenesis. In Varicocele patients, ROS production is enhanced and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) is red...

One of the central problems in migration measurement arises as a consequence of the different sources of migration data. Most information regarding migration is obtained from population censuses or population registers that report migration data for a given time interval. Another source of migration data is the sample survey which may be designed to provide information about both migrants and...

Sugarcane bagasse and trash may be used as feedstock for second generation ethanol production. Production of second generation ethanol integrated with first generation plants processing sugarcane presents several advantages over the stand-alone second generation ethanol production process; however, bagasse is used as fuel to supply the energy demand of the first generation process, so the amoun...

The study aims to extend the range of resources from which ethanol may be made from sugar cane bagasse which is used primarily for preparation of pulp and paper. Seven fungal strains isolated from sediment and degraded wood of pulp and paper mill effluent in which one strain identified by 18S rDNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) as Cryptococcus albidus had higher decolourization and delignifi...

The effect of acute and chronic ethanol intake on hepatic glycerolipid biosynthesis in the hamster was studied by in vivo and in vitro techniques. The results were compared with those from control hamsters receiving isocaloric amounts of glucose. Both chronic and acute ethanol intake elevated serum and hepatic triglyceride concentrations and induced a rapid rise in the capacity of neutral glyce...

Over the past three decades ethanol production in the United States has increased more than 10-fold, to approx 2.9 billion gal/yr (mid-2003), with ethanol production expected to reach 5 billion gal/yr by 2005. The simultaneous coproduction of 7 million t/yr of distiller's grain (DG) may potentially drive down the price of DG as a cattle feed supplement. The sale of residual DG for animal feed i...

BACKGROUND Sugarcane is the most efficient crop for production of (1G) ethanol. Additionally, sugarcane bagasse can be used to produce (2G) ethanol. However, the manufacture of 2G ethanol in large scale is not a consolidated process yet. Thus, a detailed economic analysis, based on consistent simulations of the process, is worthwhile. Moreover, both ethanol and electric energy markets have been...