RATIONALE The deep-rooted pathogenesis of the human papilloma virus (HPV) infection is still uncertain and argumentative. As we know, a lot of cases of esophageal infections, such as esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and esophageal squamous papilloma (ESP), associated with HPV are reported. However, primary esophageal ulcer infection associated with HPV is unusual. PATIENT CONCERNS Th...

BACKGROUND Environmental factors-induced dysfunction of esophageal squamous epithelium, including genomic DNA impairment and apoptosis, play an important role in the pathogenesis of esophageal squamous cell cancer. DNA damage-induced 45α (GADD45α) has been found promoting DNA repair and removing methylation marker, Therefore, in this study we will investigate whether GADD45α expression is induc...

A case of esophageal carcinoma exclusively composed of adenocarcinoma simulating an esophageal gland duct in a 61-year-old man is presented. The tumor arose as a slightly elevated lesion in the middle intrathoracic esophagus. It was almost completely overlaid with non-neoplastic stratified squamous epithelial cells. Beneath the overlying surface epithelium, an adenocarcinoma that was bilayered ...

Cytokeratins are thought to play a role in apoptosis. Cytokeratin 18 (CK18) is involved in the formation of intracellular cytoskeleton, and has been considered a promising apoptosis marker in gastrointestinal carcinomas. Growth factors, including hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), may provide a microenvironment for malignant cells. In this study, we aimed to compare serum HGF and CK18 levels betwe...

Heat shock protein 72 (HSP72) and glycoprotein 96 (gp96) are highly expressed in cancer tissues. Recent studies indicate the possible roles of HSP72 and gp96 in the development and progression of gastrointestinal carcinomas but detailed information is still ambiguous. We investigated the correlation between clinicopathology and expression of HSP72 and gp96 in human esophageal squamous cell carc...

BACKGROUND The FAS receptor-ligand system is a key regulator of apoptotic cell death, and loss of FAS expression and gain of FAS ligand (FASL) expression play important roles in the development and progression of cancer. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the promoter region of the FAS (G or A at position -1377 [FAS -1377G/A] and A or G at position -670 [FAS -670A/G]) and FASL (T or C at positi...

BACKGROUND Carbonic anhydrase IX (CA9) is a transmembrane glycoprotein related to hypoxia. Increased CA9 expression has been associated with decreased survival and cancer progression and has been targeted as a potential therapy for several cancers, including esophageal cancer. The reported percentages of expression of CA9 in esophageal adenocarcinoma vary, and CA9 expression in precancerous eso...

Background: In view of the low accuracy prognosis model esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), this study aimed to optimize least squares support vector machine (LSSVM) algorithm determine uncertain prognostic factors using a Cloud model, and consequently, establish new high-precision ESCC.

Esophageal xanthoma is a rare lesion which is an asymptomatic small yellowish polyp, and most of the reported cases were solitary lesion. Histologically, aggregations of foam cells are found under the papillary hypertrophic squamous epithelium and the foam cells express CD68. The etiology of esophageal xanthoma is unknown. The focal irritation of the esophageal mucosa and infiltrated inflammato...

Esophageal verrucous squamous cell carcinoma and esophageal cuniculatum are rare variants of extremely well-differentiated carcinoma. These tumors share similar risk factors clinical presentations with conventional However, these have distinct morphological features, molecular mutation profiles, outcomes. Diagnosis can be challenging, requires high suspicion, often only diagnosed on a deep muco...