نتایج جستجو برای: epistasis

تعداد نتایج: 3250  

Journal: :Genetics 2007
Michael M Desai Daniel Weissman Marcus W Feldman

The accumulation of deleterious mutations plays a major role in evolution, and key to this are the interactions between their fitness effects, known as epistasis. Whether mutations tend to interact synergistically (with multiple mutations being more deleterious than would be expected from their individual fitness effects) or antagonistically is important for a variety of evolutionary questions,...

2011
Javier P. Martínez Gennady Bocharov Anna Ignatovich Jochen Reiter Matthias T. Dittmar Simon Wain-Hobson Andreas Meyerhans

Fitness interactions between mutations, referred to as epistasis, can strongly impact evolution. For RNA viruses and retroviruses with their high mutation rates, epistasis may be particularly important to overcome fitness losses due to the accumulation of deleterious mutations and thus could influence the frequency of mutants in a viral population. As human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)...

2012
Xiaochun Sun Ping Ma Rita H. Mumm

Genomic selection (GS) procedures have proven useful in estimating breeding value and predicting phenotype with genome-wide molecular marker information. However, issues of high dimensionality, multicollinearity, and the inability to deal effectively with epistasis can jeopardize accuracy and predictive ability. We, therefore, propose a new nonparametric method, pRKHS, which combines the featur...

2017
Rodrigo A F Redondo Harold P de Vladar Tomasz Włodarski Jonathan P Bollback

Viral capsids are structurally constrained by interactions among the amino acids (AAs) of their constituent proteins. Therefore, epistasis is expected to evolve among physically interacting sites and to influence the rates of substitution. To study the evolution of epistasis, we focused on the major structural protein of the ϕX174 phage family by first reconstructing the ancestral protein seque...

Journal: :BioEssays : news and reviews in molecular, cellular and developmental biology 2005
Jason H Moore Scott M Williams

Epistasis plays an important role in the genetic architecture of common human diseases and can be viewed from two perspectives, biological and statistical, each derived from and leading to different assumptions and research strategies. Biological epistasis is the result of physical interactions among biomolecules within gene regulatory networks and biochemical pathways in an individual such tha...

Journal: :Genetics 2000
T Lenormand S P Otto

Most models describing the evolution of recombination have focused on the case of a single population, implicitly assuming that all individuals are equally likely to mate and that spatial heterogeneity in selection is absent. In these models, the evolution of recombination is driven by linkage disequilibria generated either by epistatic selection or drift. Models based on epistatic selection sh...

Journal: :Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2007
Thomas MacCarthy Aviv Bergman

The prevalence of sexual reproduction remains one of the most perplexing phenomena in evolutionary biology. The deterministic mutation hypothesis postulates that sexual reproduction will be advantageous under synergistic epistasis, a condition in which mutations cause a greater reduction in fitness when combined than would be expected from their individual effects. The inverse condition, antago...

2011
Wenhua Wei Gibran Hemani Andrew A. Hicks Veronique Vitart Claudia Cabrera-Cardenas Pau Navarro Jennifer Huffman Caroline Hayward Sara A. Knott Igor Rudan Peter P. Pramstaller Sarah H. Wild James F. Wilson Harry Campbell Malcolm G. Dunlop Nicholas Hastie Alan F. Wright Chris S. Haley

Genome-wide association (GWA) studies have identified a number of loci underlying variation in human serum uric acid (SUA) levels with the SLC2A9 gene having the largest effect identified so far. Gene-gene interactions (epistasis) are largely unexplored in these GWA studies. We performed a full pair-wise genome scan in the Italian MICROS population (n = 1201) to characterise epistasis signals i...

Journal: :Theoretical population biology 1997
S P Otto M W Feldman

In this paper, we examine the conditions that allow increased recombination to evolve in the presence of recurrent deleterious mutation. We focus on a three-locus model first studied by Feldman et al. (1980), which follows the dynamics of a modifier locus that alters the recombination rate between two loci subject to deleterious mutation. Although Feldman et al. (1980) indicated that increased ...

1997
Bart Naudts Dominique Suys Alain Verschoren

In this note we measure the interdependency of bits in the encoding of a fitness function using two different invariants. The first invariant, normalized epistasis, features a strong correlation with GA-hardness, as we illustrate here with generalized Royal Road functions. The second one, bit decidability, imitates epistasis, but has the avantage of being less difficult to calculate and approxi...

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