Molecular epidemiology is a subdivision of medical science and epidemiology that emphases on the involvement of potential environmental and genetic risk factors, recognized at the molecular level, to the etiology and avoidance of sickness through populations. This arena has developed from the combination of molecular biology and traditional epidemiological research. Molecular...

Objective: The aim of the present study was to compare the effectiveness of laparoscopic ovarian drilling (LOD) with monopolar diathermy and CO2 laser on the serum levels of hormone and pregnancy outcome in clomiphene citrate (CC) resistant infertile women with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). Materials and Methods: Thirty women underwent laparoscopic ovarian diathermy (group A) and thirty w...

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Infertility remains a significant problem for many couples. Approximately one in seven couples who attempt to conceive will fail to do so within 1 year. In about 65% of these cases, there is a male component of infertility.1 Despite normal semen parameters, the etiology of infertility remains uncertain in more than 50% of couples.2 Defects in sperm proteins and/ or structures may underlie certa...