Over the past 5-10 years, zero-inflated (ZI) count regression models have been increasingly applied to the analysis of dental caries indices (e.g. DMFT, dfms). The main reason for that is linked to the broad decline in children's caries experience, such that dmf and DMF indices more frequently generate low or even zero counts. This article specifically reviews the application of ZI Poisson and ...

We evaluated the sensitivity and specificity of different indices drawn from the forced expiratory curve in order to detect the best one for evaluating bronchial reactivity in the general population, and particularly, for distinguishing between normal and asthmatic subjects. 654 subjects, between 15 and 64 years of age, who were representative for age and sex of the general population of a smal...

In Part I of this publication the index systems used to evaluate gingival health and disease as well as the epidemiological methods to assess the periodontal conditions have been presented. This paper will present the most commonly used methods to evaluate the oral hygiene status of patients and populations. Furthermore, miscellaneous parameters used in epidemiological studies on periodontal di...

: Melasma is a common dermatosis, presenting as ill-defined light to dark brown pigmentation of photo-exposed areas, most commonly the face. Its exact prevalence unknown, but it commoner in intermediate skin phototypes and women reproductive age. treatment monitoring have significance due its chronic recalcitrant history psychosocial impact. Various indices tools like melasma area severity Inde...

Gingivitis and pedodontitis are usually reve~ible conditions in children and should be detected early and treatment rendered promptly. Hence appropriate clinical indices must be available to record these conditions accurately and to assess treatment success or failure. This paper reviews the existing gingival and periodontal indices and discueses their potential for clinical use in children. In...

Insulin resistance is an important risk factor for diabetes and other diseases. It has been important to estimate insulin resistance in epidemiological and genetic studies involving significant number of individuals. Complex and invasive protocols are impractical. Therefore, insulin sensitivity indices based on the oral glucose-tolerance test (OGTT) have been introduced. The aim of the present ...

The emergence and re-emergence of arboviral diseases transmitted by Aedes aegypti and Ae. albopictus continue to be a major threat in the tropics and subtropics. Associations between currently used indices and dengue transmission have not been proven to be satisfactorily predictive of dengue epidemics. Classical larval indices in dengue surveillance have limited use in assessing transmission ri...

Based on weight and height data on 35.523 subjects representing both sexes, ages 18 yr and over, and five diverse ethnic populations, the obesity index W/H (p is derived from the observed weight-height data) was compared with the traditional obesity indices (W/H. W/H2, W/ H. and H/W”t) in terms of maximum correlation with weight and minimum correlation with height (i.e., unbiased by height). Of...

Type 2 diabetes mellitus consists of metabolic disturbances characterised mainly characterized by hyperglycemia which usually result from the combination of resistance to insulin action, inadequate insulin secretion, and excessive or inappropriate glucagon secretion. In clinical practice its very difficult to establish how much part of this metabolic disturbances is due to lack of insulin and h...

BACKGROUND Risk indices have been developed to identify women at risk of low bone mineral density (BMD) who should undergo BMD testing. AIM To compare the performance of four risk indices in White ambulatory women in Belgium. DESIGN Epidemiological cross-sectional study. METHODS Records were analysed for 4035 postmenopausal White women without Paget's disease or advanced osteoarthritis, s...