A host of technologies has been developed to achieve these aims of the smart grid. Some of these technologies include plug-in electric vehicle, demand response program, energy storage system and renewable distributed generation. However, the integration of the smart grid technologies in the power system operation studies such as economic emission unit commitment problem causes two major challen...

T he main aim of this study is to investigate the impacts of population total, gross domestic product per capita, urbanization rate and energy use on carbon emissions in Nigeria for a period of 1981-2015 using autoregressive distributed lag approach to co-integration (ARDL). The empirical results revealed evidence of a long run relationship among the variables. The generalized ridge ...

We derive error estimates in the appropriate norms, for the streamlinediffusion (SD) finite element methods for steady state, energy dependent,Fermi equation in three space dimensions. These estimates yield optimal convergencerates due to the maximal available regularity of the exact solution.High order SD method together with implicit integration are used. The formulationis strongly consistent...

This report presents the application of polynomial regression for estimating free energy differences using thermodynamic integration data, i.e., slope of free energy with respect to the switching variable lambda. We employ linear regression to construct a polynomial that optimally fits the thermodynamic integration data, and thus reduces the bias and uncertainty of the resulting free energy est...

• Four environmental indicators suitable for use in energy system models are proposed (85) The allow direct comparison of decarbonisation potential renewables (84) Gearbox double-fed induction generators the preferred form wind turbine (80) Cadmium telluride photovoltaics exhibit best overall raw materials outcomes (78) Raw and their related impacts will play a key role implementation renewable...

This paper classifies green envelopes as green roofs and green walls according to effective factors, which were derived from literature to compare the green envelopes’ thermal and energy performance in a more effective way. For this purpose, an extensive literature review was carried out by searching keywords in databases and studying related journal papers and articles. The research meth...