Energy is an indispensable factor for the economic growth and development of a country. Energy consumption is rapidly increasing worldwide. To fulfill this energy demand, alternative energy sources and efficient utilization are being explored. Various sources of renewable energy and their efficient utilization are comprehensively reviewed and presented in this paper. Also the trend in research ...

nowadays energy is one of the most essential needs of human being and it can be considered as the basic prerequisite of social and economic development.  hence, many of the correlations and legislations of a country are affected by it. since iran has huge source of gas and oil, it has turned to a fossil fuel oriented county. but as oil and gas sources are non-renewable ones and cannot be replac...

This article presents results from a research project on the economic aspects of terrorism conducted by researchers from the Department of National and Regional Security in conjunction with the Center for Strategic Studies of Defense and Security in the University of National and World Economy. The article elaborates mainly on two directions. First, the main stages of the project are presented ...

One of the objectives of OPEC is the security of demand for the crude oil exports of its members. Achieving this objective is imperative with the projected decline in OECD countries' crude oil demand among other crude oil demand shocks. This paper focuses on determining the external crude oil demand security risks of OPEC member states. In assessing these risks, this study introduces two indexe...

The structure is the basic attribute of everything. The structure of logistics network is composed of logistics nodes and logistics routes, however the logistics cost mainly happens on the function the logistics route undertakes. So logistics routing optimization is the key to reduce logistics cost. As logistics is the hygiene factor of regional economic development, this article studied on log...

with the collapse of the soviet :union:, vacuum of power emerged in the south caucasus. this matter has sparked trans-regional and regional powers competition. the newly established republics create challenges and opportunities for iran and turkey. the result of this situation is the competition between tehran and ankara in the region. this topic is highly important in regional equations becaus...

the geopolitically important basin of the mazandaran sea found its new identity after the collapse of the soviet :union: as an active region with specific functions. the power vacuum arising from the collapse of the soviet :union: and presence of huge energy resources attracted the attention of trans-regional powers and flow of big investment companies to the region. regional developments are a...