The authors have assembled a compilation of exposure rate constants, ƒ-factors, and lead shielding thicknesses for more than 1,100 radionuclides described in ICRP Publication 107. Physical data were taken from well established reference sources for mass-energy absorption coefficients in air, attenuation coefficients, and buildup factors in lead and other variables.The data agreed favorably for ...

The breakdown characteristics of an avalanche photodiode (APD) are generally assessed by examining the steepness of the breakdown-probability curve as a function of the normalized excess breakdown voltage, ∆V /V BR , which is the voltage beyond the breakdown voltage, V BR , normalized by the breakdown voltage. This metric indicates how quickly the transition from stable operation (finite gain) ...

The purpose of this research is to observe and understand the processes by which gamma rays are attenuated in passing through absorber, effects shielding geometry. Gamma ray linear attenuation coefficient, mass mean free path, half value layer buildup factor were evaluated for different absorbers, using 60Co source with energy 1.332 MeV. coefficient absorber such as aluminium was (0.1485 cm-1),...

A mathematical model of a continuous reheating furnace has been developed to identify the design and operating parameters that significantly affect furnace performance. In this study, the furnace is modeled 3 dimensionally and theMonte Carlomethod is used to find the overall absorption factor. The overall absorption factor is then used to calculate the energy balance for furnace walls, the gas,...

it is accepted that the visual comfort in schools depends on the quality of the whole visual environment. this leads to the concern upon the quality and quantity of lighting. currently in iran, in order to calculate energy transfer for public buildings a coefficient is usually used. this coefficient considers the rate of sunlight energy absorption in these kinds of buildings. to increase the de...

One-and two-color time-domain probing of the resonant dichroic response of iodine in n-hexane following femtosecond B-X excitation at 580 nm is described. The detected signals contain both ground and excited state vibrational coherence contributions to the third-order polarization. The dichroic response can be separated into positive and negative amplitude contributions: B-X absorption and stim...

ID: 18837 Title: Improved Collimator Scattering Factor (Sc) Measurements for Small Fields Using Build-Up Caps in Robotic Radiosurgery Purpose:The Monte Carlo calculation algorithm in the MultiPlan (Accuray, Palo Alto, CA) treatment planning system used for CyberKnife (Accuray) robotic radiosurgery requires in-air measurements. In this study, results were compared for the impact of build-up caps...

the first and second laws of thermodynamics have been employed to evaluate energy and exergetic efficiency of the single effect absorption chiller which is used for air conditioning purpose. the performance analysis has been carried out by developing a computer program in ees and modeling the chiller and its components. to evaluate entropy of the water/lithium bromide solution at any point, an ...