The development of urethral stricture (US) or bladder neck contracture is a relatively uncommon but well described condition observed primarily in men. Despite familiarity with US disease, management remains challenging for urologists. Risk factors for the development of USs or bladder neck contracture include primary treatment modality, tobacco smoking, coronary artery disease and poorly contr...

PURPOSE To discern the positive and negative attributes of the various treatment modalities for benign prostatic hyperplasia. MATERIALS AND METHODS A comprehensive literature review is presented for endoscopic treatment of the bladder outlet obstruction with an emphasis on current randomized controlled trials available comparing these treatment modalities. RESULTS Transurethral resection of...

UNLABELLED Stress urinary incontinence is a problem that is prevalent in women, and its treatment with minimally invasive techniques using synthetic materials has increased recently, although the procedure has also brought increased occurrence of specific complications such as vesical and urethral perforations. We describe 11 cases of endoscopic correction of vesical and urethral perforations d...

BACKGROUND The tolerability and plasma absorption of gemcitabine administered at 40 mg/ml after small and extensive endoscopic transurethral resection of bladder tumors (TURB) were evaluated. PATIENTS AND METHODS Nine patients with a history of recurrent superficial bladder cancer were eligible for a single immediate, post TURB, intravesical instillation of gemcitabine. The endoscopic resecti...

The intravesical instillation of therapeutic agents for the treatment of localized bladder cancer began in 1903 when Herring[1] summarized his experience with silver nitrate. Since then, intravesical chemotherapy and immunotherapy have emerged as effective adjuncts to endoscopic resection for superficial transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder. Although advances in the treatment of superfici...