Communications to the Editor admission for treatment ofsevere respiratory dysfunction. The time lapse between appropriate medical treatment and deterioration in our patients varied from two to seven months. Our patients also differed in having negative mycobacteria cultures in the sputum, bronchial washes and the endobronchial granuloma biopsy unlike the “reactivation” of tuberculosis which was...

BACKGROUND Tracheobronchial stenosis is a known complication of endobronchial tuberculosis. Despite antituberculous and steroid therapy, the development of bronchial stenosis is usually irreversible and requires airway patency to be restored by either bronchoscopic or surgical interventions. We report the use of balloon dilatation and topical mitomycin-C to successful restore airway patency. ...

BACKGROUND Whilst intrathoracic lymphadenitis is a characteristic sign of primary tuberculosis in children, its presence without parenchymal lesions in adults is unusual and makes the diagnosis using noninvasive techniques difficult. The diagnostic role of bronchoscopy in adults with intrathoracic tuberculous lymphadenitis is reported. METHODS Seventeen patients with intrathoracic lymphadenop...

A 23 years old female medical student presented to the Aga Khan Hospital with three months history of cough; sputum and weight loss. Physical examination at that time revealed bilateral wheeze and PEFR was reduced to 60% of predictive value. Chest X-ray PA and lateral views were normal. A diagnosis of bronchial asthma was made and patient was started on inhaled B2 agonist. Her cough slightly im...

BACKGROUND The poor treatment outcomes of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (TB) and the emergence of extensively drug-resistant TB and extremely and totally drug-resistant TB highlight the urgent need for new antituberculous drugs and other adjuvant treatment approaches. OBJECTIVES We have treated cavitary tuberculosis by the application of endobronchial one-way valves (Zephyr®; Pulmonx Inc.,...

Communications to the Editor admission for treatment ofsevere respiratory dysfunction. The time lapse between appropriate medical treatment and deterioration in our patients varied from two to seven months. Our patients also differed in having negative mycobacteria cultures in the sputum, bronchial washes and the endobronchial granuloma biopsy unlike the “reactivation” of tuberculosis which was...

Even after vigorous attempts to identify the cause of it in almost 30% of the cases no definite etiology can be found. With underlying abnormality etiological analysis gets easier, but time and again, hemoptysis patients may have completely normal X ray chest. The common causes of hemoptysis in practice are Tuberculosis (endobronchial), CA lung, tracheitis, bronchitis, bronchiectasis, lung infa...