Plant nutritionist have traditionally considered the obvious way to feed plants is through the soil, where plant roots are meant to uptake water and nutrients, but in recent years foliar feeding has been developed to supply plants with their nutritional needs. The development of pressurised irrigation equipment such as drip irrigation has promoted the need for water-soluble fertilisers, as clea...

Efficient irrigation management requires a good quantification of evapotranspiration. In the case of olive orchards, which are the dominant crop in vast areas of southern Europe, very little information exists on evaporation. Measurements of aerodynamic conductance and evaporation above and below an olive orchard allowed the calibration of a transpiration model of olive trees based on the Penma...

Aim of study: To investigate how the cross section a drip-irrigation tape affects local head loss.Area The work was carried out in laboratory Irrigation hydraulics, College Water Conservancy and Environment, Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei province.Material methods: Tapes with six different wall thicknesses were studied experimentally to determine relationship between cross-section defo...

In most fruit tree orchards under localised irrigation, only a fraction of the rhizosphere is wetted by irrigation. As this may reduce growth and production, such that there demand for information on optimum number location emitters. mature ‘Arbequina’ olive orchard with 1667 trees ha-1, we analysed impact applying same amount water one vs. two drip irrigation pipes (laterals) per row. We had f...

Objectives: The goals of this investigation are to determine whether commercially available dose calibrators can be used to measure the activity of -emitting radionuclides used in pain palliation and to establish whether manufacturer-supplied calibration factors are appropriate for this purpose. Methods: Six types of commercially available dose calibrators were studied. Dose calibrator response...

In this article a new method is introduced for geolocating of signal emitters which is based on evolutionary computation (EC) concept. In the proposed method two well-known members of EC techniques including Bees Algorithm (BA) and Genetic Algorithm (GA), are utilized to estimate the positions of emitters by optimizing the hyperbola equations which have been resulted from Time Difference of Arr...