In this paper we present a new type of multivariate distributions for asset returns which we call the multi-tail elliptical distributions. Multi-tail elliptical distribution can be thought to be an extension of the elliptical distributions that allow for varying tail parameters. We present a two-step random mechanism leading to this new type of distributions. In particular, this mechanism is de...

When mannose is provided in the transpiration stream to spinach (Spinacia oleracea) leaf discs, a series of specific and nonspecific changes occur in CO(2) and H(2)O vapor exchange as a function of feeding time. The initial increases in apparent photosynthesis and transpiration are nonspecific effects due to osmotic changes leading to passive stomatal opening. The mannose-specific effects are: ...

A study of a class of openings and closings is investigated using reconstruction criteria. The main goal in studying these transformations consists of eliminating some inconveniences of the morphological opening (closing) and the opening (closing) by reconstruction. The idea in building these new openings and closings comes from the notions of filters by reconstruction and levelings. In particu...

Stepwise increases in fluorescent illuminance, imposed as a single variable in a controlled environment, induced progressive stomatal opening in 8 plant species, as evidenced by a consistent decrease in leaf diffusion resistance (R(L)), ranging from 15 to 70 sec cm(-1) in darkness to about 1 sec cm(-1) at approximately 40 kilolux. The minimum R(L) values were the same for the upper and the lowe...

We examined the voltage-dependent block of Caactivated Cl channels by anthacene-9-carboxylic acid (A9C), diphenylamine-2-carboxylic acid (DPC), 4,4*-diisothiocyanostilbene-2,2*-disulfonic acid (DIDS), and niflumic acid (NFA) in excised inside-out and outside-out patches from Xenopus oocytes. The fraction of the voltage field (d) experienced by the blocking drug was determined from the voltage d...

Eksilti, yazılı ve sözlü anlatımda bazı dil birimlerini, yine o dilin kuralları çerçevesinde derin yapıda bırakan bir olayıdır. Yazarken veya konuşurken konuşmaya canlılık katmak, akıcılık sağlamak, tekrardan kaçınmak, tasarruf etmek, vurgu yapmak vb. gibi nedenlerden dolayı dilde çeşitli eksiltiler yapılır. Hafz, eksiltim, eksilti, eksiltili anlatım, düşüm, düşürme, kısaltma, sıfır tekrar, eli...

This article reviews the popular reasons for the belief that dwarf elliptical galaxies and (ordinary) elliptical galaxies are distinct and separate species. They include: light–profile shape (or similarly image concentration); the magnitude–central surface brightness diagram; the magnitude–effective surface brightness diagram (or similarly the magnitude–effective radius diagram); and the Fundam...

This letter presents a miniaturized probe-fed elliptical microstrip patch antenna (PF-EMPA) targeting the 8.50-10.55 GHz band for radiolocation applications. The proposed design is composed of an elliptical patch inserted into an elliptical slot. In order to achieve our goals and control the impedance matching, we adjusted the offset distance from the elliptical patch to the side of the ellipti...

In this paper a method for detection of microcalcifications (MCCs), which appear at the beginning stages of breast cancer, is presented by using mathematical morphology. This method consists of four steps. At the first step the contrast of suspicious regions on the image is enhanced by contrast stretching. In the next step a morphological filtering process is applied by using six different stru...