These experiments explore the way in which cues provided by luminance and chromatic contrast interact in the spatial integration of elements. The stimuli were composed of bidimensional and isotropic Gauss functions. The elements were placed so that when experimentally manipulating the separations between the lines, subjects could generate an oriented percept from the elements sharing luminance ...

Charophytes possess the capacity to store large amounts of various elements, but until today no studies about known methods of determining CaCO3 and elements in charophytes have been conducted. Because of the large and varying amounts of CaCO3, it is difficult to estimate the actual element content in dry mass. Simple comparisons of elements in charophyte plant tissue or between charophytes and...

OBJECTIVE To describe application of GEM to analysis and categorization of guideline content. METHOD We examined the application of GEM constructs to the AAP guideline on neurodiagnostic evaluation of febrile seizures. Subjects at 4 sites marked-up the guideline content using a hierarchical template that includes branches for identity, developer, purpose, intended audience, method of developm...

The aim of the study was to determine the concentrations of selected trace elements in needles and bark of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.), leaves and bark of silver birch (Betula pendula L.), and Norway maple (Acer platanoides L.), as well as in the soil in which the trees grew, depending on their localization and hence the distribution of local pollution sources. The content of trace element...